Scope and Limitation INTRODUCTION

digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id 12 which have been given in their class. So, the result of this study may be inapplicable for other level and other writing types. E. Definition of Key Terms In order to let readers easy to understand about the main idea of this research, operationally some definitions of key terms are provided 1. Writing Writing is a persons style of writing with a pen on paper which can be recognized as their own. 15 In this study, writing refers to the the final assignment in their English class, that is writing a descriptive text Those student compositions are taken as data for this research after being used for the main purpose. Therefore, the data is documentation. 2. Grammatical Accuracy Accuracy is the ability to be free from errors while using language to communicate both in oral or written text. 16 Operationally, grammatical accuracy refers to from grammar errors on their writings as the data in this study. 15 Walter, E., Cranz, D., - Glannon D. . Cambridge University Press, 2008. 16 Wolf-Quintero on research by N . An Error of Analysis of Fourth Year English Majors Master of Arts An Independent Study Report in English, Khon Kaen University, 14 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id 13 3. Coherence and Cohesion Coherence Crystal states that coherence is the underlying connectedness of a piece of language. It is the sense that a text is connected and it makes logic and is not just a jumble of sentences. It deals with clear and well-thought argumentations, ideas or an organization of words, and each part of it connects or follows in an accepted or sensible way 17 . If the text is coherence, the reader will understand well what the text tells about. Cohesion Cohesion is the external relations between sentences of a text which strap the text together. Basically, the relations between sentences or different parts of a discourse are shown in terms of cohesive devices such as references, substitution and ellipsis, conjunction, and lexical relationships. 18 This study is intended to m sentence or even paragraph to paragraph to express their idea. It deals understandable meaning and content. 17 Charuporn Pongsiriwet, Doctoral Dissertation: Relationships among Grammatical Accuracy, Discourse Features, and The Quality of Second Language Writing: The Case of Thai EFL Learners Morgantown: West Virginia University, 2001, 11. 18 ______ . Oxford University Press: 2000. digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id 14

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Review of Related Literature

1. English Curriculum in Thailand The current National Curriculum of Thailand has been designed and reformed based on the progress of economic, society, and technology that require all society to be aware and cooperate about that. According to National Education Act B.E. 2542 and Amendments Second National Education Act B.E. 2545, the basic education curriculum is divided into two stages, they are national and institutional. Then, based on Ministry of Education, the curriculum framework at the national stage has three components: 1 the curricular framework specifying its objectives, standards, as well as assessment and evaluation methods of teaching and learning; 2 the framework for the national core curriculum to be organized consistently through four three-year key stages; and 3 the framework for local curriculum providing schools with plans for adaptation of learning contents appropriate to their localities. At the framework, there are eight subjects that are applied: Thai language; mathematics; science; social studies; religion and culture; health and digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id 15 physical education; art, work education and technology; and foreign languages. 19 Based on the framework and standards for educational subjects that are provided in Thailand National Curriculum, English is included into the subject which is categorized as foreign languages. According to the Thai TESOL Association study, English language has been taught in Thailand for over a century. 20 In responding to the global era, the Ministry of Education encourages all university classes to use English as a medium of instruction. In Thailand, many international programs both in undergraduate and graduate level use English to carry out teaching and learning. Bureau of International Cooperation Strategy, Commission on Higher Education in 2008 degree programs, degree programs. However, in many universities, there is no clear policy of using English as a medium of instruction for each subject and each teacher. Therefore, there is no consistency in every class and subject. Some teachers use English along the course, some use it sometimes, and 19 Sirinit Chanawong Reshaping ELT in Thailand: Reconsidering curriculum design through reflective writing . Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol.3 2, 158 20 . International Journal of Language and Linguistics. Vol. 1, No. 1, 2013, pp. 23. doi: 10.11648j.ijll.20130101.14