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1.2 Review of Related Study
There are a lot of studies that also concern about several significant issue or themes in A Thousand Splendid Suns. Those studies concern about themes or
other aspects that Khaled Hossein creates in his novel. The first thesis entitles
Middle Eastern Women’s issues an analysis of A Thousand Splendid Suns and The
New York Times” has been written by student of University of Florida named Lindsay B. Shapiro. Her thesis focuses on the change main characters
’ life style and deals with Eas
tern Women’s issues. In her analysis, she uses theory of psychology.
The second thesis is written by Fajar Nur Indriyany the student of UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, entitle
“Mariam’s search for Meaning Life in
Khaled Hossein A Thousand Splendid Suns ” this research analyzed on the Mariam
efforts find the meaning of her life. The study is identify the description Mariam character who tries to find her truth meaning life.
The difference of this research and the previous ones is this research analyzes about women an issue that is affected by patriarchal system and Taliban
laws in Afghanistan. Moreover, this research analyze main characters struggle to confront the oppression and some kinds of discrimination. Because of the research
analyze of women figure, thus it intends to use Feminism theory in this analysis.
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CHAPTER III TALIBAN
1.1 Historical Background
The name of Taliban is from Arabic word “tholibaan” it means “students”.
Taliban is an Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan. While, Taliban laws are laws that arranged by Taliban regime
www.wikipedia.orgTaliban. The Taliban formed in 1994 leaded by Mullah Mohammed Omar. Omar named his regime the Taliban the students and the
country found him self governing with name the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan www. asia.knoji.com. In 1994 the Taliban, under the leadership of Mullah
Mohammed Omar, begans its territorial conquest with the seizure of the Afghan subsequent takeover of the city in Kandahar. The Taliban ruled Afghanistan from
1996 until 2001. They came to power during Afghanistan’s long civil war. The Taliban emerged as resistance movement aiming to eject the Soviet troops from
Afghanistan. The Taliban are one of the Mujahideen, the groups that formed during the
war against the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. After withdrawal of Soviet forces, the Mujahideen set up a new government. However, the various factions
were unable to cooperate and fell each other, instead of victimization of women happened often. The appearance of Taliban begins to fighting of rival Mujahideen
authorization that arbitrarily. Taliban then went on to take the city of Kandahar, and ended with their capture of Kabul in September 1996. When Taliban took
Kabul, they suddenly arranged some rules that make many changes in Kabul.
