a larger meaning than it ordinarily has a meaning which can often be multiple or ambiguous.
23
Or sometimes a symbol addresses a sense other than sight. And may some readers of poetry prefer to say that a symbol is always a concrete object, never
an act. Symbolism occurs when a noun which has meaning in itself is used to represent something entirely different. One example of symbolism would be to use an
image of the American flag to represent patriotism and a love for one’s country.
E. Explication
A line-by-line or episode-by-episode commentary on what is going on in text is an explication literally, unfolding or spreading out. It takes some skill to works
one’s way along without saying, “in line one…., in the second line… in the third line…” an explication does not deal with the writer’s life or times, and it is not a
paraphrase, a rewording- though it may include paraphrase but, commentary revealing your sense of meaning of work.
24
Based on another source, explication is one form of analysis. The word “explicate” comes from the Latin explicare, which
mean to unfold.
25
For instance we should look at the language of the poem and the, choose one poem and explaining how the central idea of the poem unfolds as we need
from one stanza to the next.
23
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, Modern Poems; an Introduction to Poetry, Norton Company, New York 1976, p.xliii
24
Sylvan Barnet, a Short Guide to Writing About Literature, Fifth Edition, Tuft University, Boston Toronto, Little, Brown and Company, 1985, p.11
25
Judith A. Stanford, Responding to Literature: Stories, Poems, Plays, and Essays, fifth edition, Rivier college, McGraw-Hill Companies, 2006, p.121-122
F. Theme
Every written work has a theme, whether the writer deliberately infuses a literary work with one or not. Whereas content includes everything that the poem
contains, theme refers specifically to the main point, topic, or subject of the poem it mean Theme is the central idea or main topic of a work. According to the NTSC’s
Dictionary of literary terms, theme in literature is the central or dominating idea, the “message,” implicit in a work. The theme of a work is seldom stated directly. It is an
abstract concept indirectly expressed through recurrent images, action, character, and symbols, and must be inferred by the reader or spectator. Theme differs from subject
in that theme is a comment, observation, or insight about the subject.
26
According to other source, the theme defined as an idea or intellectuality apprehensible meaning
inherent and implicit in a work. In determining a poem’s theme, we should be careful neither to oversimplify the poem nor to distort its meaning.
27
26
Kathleen Morner, Ralph Rausch, NTSC’s Dictionary of literary terms, NTC Publishing Group, 1998, p.223
27
Robert DiYani, Literature; Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama, Fifth Edition, the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2002. p.754
CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS
In the analysis of the research findings, the writer will explicate each selected poem, then relate each poem to its tone and finally propose a suitable theme of the
selected poem. So the analysis can be described as follow:
A. EXPLICATION OF THE POEM
