vi
Contents
Page
Validation Sheet i
Biography ii
Abstract iii
Foreword iv
Contents vi
List of Figure viii
List of Table ix
Appendixes x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research
1.2 Identification of Problem
1.3 Scope of Problem
1.4 Research Question
1.5 Objective of the Research
1.6 Benefit of The Research
1.7 Operational Definition
1 1
5 5
5 6
6 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Mathematics Understanding Concepts
2.2 Creative Problem Solving CPS
2.2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Creative Problem Solving CPS approach
2.2.2 Steps of Creative Problem Solving CPS 2.3
Problem Based Learning PBL 2.3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages Problem Based Learning PBL
Approach 2.3.2 Schema of Problem Based Learning Process
2.3.3 Steps of Problem Based Learning PBL 2.4
Quadrilaterals 8
8 11
15
16 17
19
20 20
21
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2.4.1 Rectangles 2.4.2 Squares
2.5 Relevance Research
2.6 Conceptual Framework
2.7 Research Hypothesis
21 22
22 23
26
CHAPTER III RESERCH METHOD
3.1 Place and Research Time
3.2 Population and Research Sample
3.2.1 Population Sample 3.2.2 Research Sample
3.3 Type of Research
3.4 Variable of Research
3.5 Method and research Design
3.6 Research Steps
3.6.1 Schema of Research Procedures 3.7
Data Collection Techniques 3.7.1 Research Instrument
3.7.1.1 Instrument Test 3.7.2 Validity of Instrument test
3.7.3 Reliability of Instrument test 3.8
Data Analysis Techniques 3.8.1 Normality Test
3.8.2 Homogeneity Test 3.8.3 Score Gain Data Analysis
3.8.4 Research ‘s Hypothesis Test
27 27
27 27
27 28
28 28
29 31
31 31
32 32
34 35
36 36
37 37
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Description of Results
4.1.1 Value of Pre Test in First Experiment and Second Experiment
4.1.2 Value of Post Test in First Experiment and Second Experiment
4.1.3 Gain of First and Second Experiment Class
41 41
41 42
42
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4.2 Analysis of Research Result
4.2.1 Normality Test
4.2.2 Homogeneity test
4.2.3 Hypothesis test
4.3 Discussion of Research Result
44 43
46 47
48
CHAPTER V CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Suggestion
52 52
52
REFERENCES 54
Appendixes
56
x
LIST OF TABLE
Table 2.1 Comparison of Instrumental Understanding and Relational
Understanding Page
10
Table 2.2 The Osborne-Parnes Creative Problem Solving Process
13 Table 2.3
Teacher’s Role in CPS Approach 16
Table 2.4 Teacher’s Role in PBL Approach
20 Table 3.1
Students’ Amount Particularly 27
Table 3.2 Research Design
29 Table 3.3
Coefficient of Pearson Moment Correlation 34
Table 4.1 Pre test Data First and second experiment Class
41 Table 4.2
Post test Data in Class of First Experiment and Class of Second Experiment
42
Table 4.3 Gain of First and Second Experiment Classes
42 Table 4.4
Data Summary of Normality Test 44
Table 4.5 Data of Homogeneity Test
46 Table 4.6
The Result of Hypothesis Testing 48
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
