The Technique of Collecting Data

plan for the next cycle. In this classroom action research, the researcher conducted the action in 2 cycles.

F. The Technique of Collecting Data

The data of this research were obtained by techniques using qualitative and quantitative method. The technique of collecting the data using qualitative method was conducted by means of observational and non-observational technique. Observational techniques consisted of observations, field notes, and photographs, while non-observational techniques consisted of interviews and document. The explanation of observational techniques is given below. 1. Observational techniques for collecting the data a. Observation Based on Burns 1999: 80, observation is a kind of activities in action research that enables researchers to document and reflect systematically upon classroom interactions and events, as they actually occur rather than as we think they occur. b. Field notes Notes or field notes are descriptions and accounts of events in the research context that are written in relatively factual and objective style Burns, 1999: 87. The researcher made notes of each observation done. The researcher made note to all activities during the lesson, and noted the students’ reaction and response to the learning. c. Photographs Photographs are a way of greatly enhancing classroom analysis and providing visual stimuli that can be integrated into reporting and presenting the research to others Burns, 1999: 101. 2. Non-observational techniques for collecting the data a. Interview The teacher conducted interview at pre-research, in the process of action and at the end of the research. The researcher conducted interview to the students. In the pre-research, the researcher conducted interview in order to know the problems the students faced especially in vocabulary. The interview was conducted in the beginning of action and at the end of the research aimed to know students’ improvement; how far the action influenced the students. It was seen from the students’ achievement and the students’ behaviour. b. Document Analysis Analyzing the document was done toward the Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan, which is about English lesson in SDMI including its Standar Kompetensi and Kompetensi Dasar. The aim of this analysis was to complete the information which had been gotten from observation and interview. The data collected using quantitative method was obtained from the test. In this research, the researcher used objective, essay and pronoun test type for both pre-test and post-test. The total numbers of test items were 50 items. The test consisted of vocabularies that had been taught to the students. The result of the test was analyzed to know the students’ achievement on vocabulary.

G. The Technique of Analyzing Data