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In this research, the action research was conducted in order to improve the students‟ vocabulary by using pictures and games and develop teacher‟s creativity in teaching
vocabulary.
D. The Model of Action Research
The model of action research is a set of principles, frameworks in undertaking a classroom action research. Kemmis and McTaggart 1988 in Burn 1999: 32 state
that action research occurs through dynamic and complementary process which consists of four fundamental. They are as follows:
a. Planning
Develop a plan of critically informed action to improve what is already happening.
The researcher prepares anything related to the actions that will be implemented. Such as: making lesson plan, preparing materials, and preparing
teaching-aids b.
Action Act to implement the plan.
The researcher becomes a teacher who teaches the English lesson to the students by using certain technique or method.
c. Observation
Observe the effects of the critically informed action in the context in which it occurs.
The researcher with the help of the teacher observes all activities in teaching learning process.
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d. Reflection
Reflect on these effects as the basis for further planning, subsequent critically informed action and so on, through a succession of stages.
The teacher and the writer make an evaluation on all they have observed to find the weaknesses of the activities that have been carried out.
Burn, 1999: 32 The Action Research in this context uses the model developed by Kemmis
and McTaggart in Burns 1999: 32. According to the model, the implementation of the action research includes four steps: 1 Identifying problems and planning the
action, 2 Implementing the action and observing or monitoring the action, 3 Reflecting the result of observation, and 4 Revising the plan. The spiral model can
be illustrated below:
Step 1
Step 2 Plan
Reflection
Action Observation
Revised Plan Reflection
Action Observation
Reflection Action
Observation Revised Plan
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E. Procedure of Action Research
The procedure of this research consists of six steps. The second until the last step form one cycle. The procedure is described as follows:
1. Identifying the Problems
The writer as the researcher in this research identified the problem first before planning the actions. The problem refers to the students‟ low mastery of
vocabulary. It was identified by using two techniques. They are: a.
Test The researcher made multiple choice test and pronunciation test of
vocabulary as pre-test and post- test to know the students‟ ability.
b. Observation and Interview
The researcher observed the studen ts‟ behavior, motivation, interest and
attitude during the lesson and interviewed the English teacher to know the model of class management and students‟ interaction.
2. Planning the Action
The researcher prepared anything related to the actions that would be implemented. The action was described as follows:
a. Making lesson plan and designing the steps in doing the action
b. Preparing materials, preparing sheets for classroom observation to know
the situation of teaching-learning process when the technique is applied, and preparing sheets for questionnaire
c. Preparing teaching-aids pictures, games, text book, etc
d. Preparing exercises and post test t know whether students‟ vocabulary
mastery improves or not
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3. Implementing the Action The researcher became a teacher who teaches the English lesson. The researcher
implemented the teaching and learning activity of vocabulary using games based on the lesson plan.
4. Observing Monitoring the Action The researcher with the help of the teacher observed all activities in teaching
learning process. Field notes, observation sheet and questionnaire were the instrument used in collecting the data.
5. Reflecting the Result of the Observation The teacher and the writer made an evaluation on all they had observed to find the
weaknesses of the activities that had been carried out. The test is in the form of:
a. Multiple choice test
In this test, the students would be asked to answer the questions in the form of objective option.
b. Pronunciation test
In this test, the students would be asked to pronounce some vocabulary. 6. Revising the Plan
Based on the evaluation, the researcher revised the plan for the next cycle. The classroom action research would take two cycles to overcome all students‟
problem in vocabulary mastery.
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F. Technique of Collecting the Data
