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F. Technique of Collecting the Data
In this classroom action research, the researcher uses qualitative and quantitative methods in collecting the data.
First, qualitative method includes observation, interview and questionnaire. The researcher uses observational and non observational techniques in collecting the
data. The following are the detail explanation of each technique according to Burn 1999: 78-151:
1. Observational techniques
The observation is done by the researcher as the teacher and the collaborator observers. Students‟ behavior and students‟ activities are observed during the
teaching and learning process. The observation is focused on the development of students‟ vocabulary mastery by using games. It is recorded on writing form
called field notes. Besides, the researcher also uses observation sheet and photographs.
2. Non-observational techniques
The non-observational techniques which are used for collecting data are pronunciation test and interview.
In the research, the qualitative data would be found by conducting pre-test and post-test.
In finding qualitative data, the researcher did direct observation in the classroom, gave questionnaire, and interview the English teacher and the students.
The description of data collection process can be seen in the following paragraph.
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Observation is an activity of watching and recording action and behavior of research participations. The researcher and the collaborative teacher observed the
activities of the students and the progress of teaching and learning in the implementation of games. The data gained in the observation was explained in the
form of description from the field note and observer‟s observation sheet. Questionnaire is a technique of asking question of someone‟s feeling, opinion,
or idea in non face-to- face interaction. The questionnaire was to gain students‟
responses of certain issues, such as the students‟ interest toward the implementation of games.
Interview is an activity to ask question in face-to-face interaction. The interview is to kn
ow what the students‟ feel and their opinion or idea during the research. The interview is applied to the students and the English teacher.
Second, the technique of collecting the data using quantitative method includes oral test and written test that covered pre-test that was conducted before
action and post-test that was conducted after action. The researcher scored the test to find the mean score. After the data were taken from the field notes and supported by
the mean score that was found from the tests, the researcher found the improvement of the students‟ vocabulary mastery.
In scoring the pronunciation test, the writer uses the scoring model from Linse 2006: 149 in her book entitled
Practical English Language Teaching: Young Learner
as follows:
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1 2
3 4
5 Pronunciation Pronunciation
problem so severe as to
make speech virtually
unintelligible Very hard to
understand because of
pronunciation problems.
Must frequently
repeat in order to make
himherself understood.
Pronunciation problems
necessitate concentration on
the part of the listener and
occasionally lead to
misunderstanding Always
intelligible, although the
listener is conscious of
a definite accent and
occasional in appropriate
intonation patterns
Pronunciation and intonation
approximate that of a
native speaker
Linse, 2006: 149
G. Technique of Analyzing the Data