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E. Research Significance
The significances of the research can be seen in the following descriptions: 1. This research can widen the understanding about Mario Puzo’s The Godfather in general and
especially to widen the understanding about the process and motivations of the influence of Don Vito Corleone through social psychology approach. The result of this research can
hopefully be utilized as additional discourse to the readers in the way the readers interact with others in a real social interaction.
2. The result of the research can be used as addition of information for those who want to study the novel deeply. The researcher expects that this research will be useful for the readers who
want to analyze Mario Puzo’s work especially the novel The Godfather and who want to get further knowledge about the novel
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL REVIEW
A. Literature and Psychology
Human life is full of interesting things. It becomes an object which invites people to analyze it. Human’s problems are very large and various but there are a
certain problems which is very universal. It means that it can happen anytime and anywhere. These various problems create the experience of life either individual
or social, such as religious, love, worries and truths. A literature work is one of the media to study and express human life and
experience. Literature work is used as media of communicating and expressing
xix emotions, style of life, thought, the view of the author toward human’s life and the
life that is faced and perceived. Aristoteles in Teeuw said that “Karya seni menjadi karya yang paling khas, cara yang unik untuk membayangkan pemhaman
tentang aspek atau tahap situasi manusia yang tidak bisa diungkap atau dikomunikasikan dengan jalan lain” Teeuw, 1982:222. It is clear that literature
work has a very close relation with human life. Though a literature work is fictitious, imaginative, and artistic, it is definitely able to utter the truth about man
and his life. One of the problems in human life is psychological problem. This problem
can be seen through the conflicts between the characters or inside the characters themselves. According to Wellek and Warren 1956:69:
By psychology of literature, we may mean the psychological study of the writer as type and as individual or the study of the creative process or the study of the psychological
types and laws present within work of literature, or finally, the effects of literature upon its reader.
Based on the statement above, in a literary work an author presents thought, feeling and certain acts for man in facing the problem of living. Because
of the author’s sensibility in observing the human life and its problems, in creating a work some aspects of psychology are included in the work, it mean that the
author is able to catch the basic values of human psyche, and enriches the work with those values to make it close to the real human life and to beauty the work.
So, there is an intimate relationship between psychology and literature. By using psychological approach, attitudes and behaviors of the characters that may happen
in a real life will be understood better.
xx “Aspects in psychology help to analyze the characters psychologically. The
analysis is considered successfully if the theory of psychology can reveal the valuable meaning of the work. Psychology treats the characters in a
literature work as real human being; so the psychological analysis of the work will give many values to the reader but the question is still raised
whether the author has really succeeded in incorporating psychology into his figures and their relationship” Wellek and Warren, 1956:92.
According to the explanation above, it is acceptable if the researcher wants to analyze a literature work by applying the theory of psychology.
B. Social Psychology
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