Appendix 1 - List of symbols

Upgrade of LATSA Page 66 of 148 9 Appendices

9.1 Appendix 1 - List of symbols

 Summation  latent heat of vaporisation at temperature t °C kJkg = 2501 – 2.36 x t kJkg  journey length s or hr   journey increment s  animal moisture loss ghranimal  lat latent heat loss Wanimal  manure evaporation from manure kgs  sen sensible heat loss Wanimal  tot total heat production Wanimal  total total water vapour generated by load gs a evaporation coefficient kgm²hrPa ACH air changes per hour ACH C CO 2 concentration mgm³ in influent air C n CO 2 concentration mgm³ at time n C n-1 CO 2 concentration mgm³ at time n-1 CO 2 cargo CO 2 emitted by cargo mgs c p specific heat of moist air Jkg°K c pd specific heat of dry air Jkg°K C pr CO 2 production d stocking density m²head E evaporative loss MJm².d e s saturation vapour pressure kPa F depth of coat or fleece mm F v ventilation rate kgs H m metabolic heat production MJd = k x W n I e external insulation °C.m².dMJ I t tissue insulation °C.m².dMJ k a coefficient LCT lower critical temperature °C L v latent heat of vaporisation Jkg LWT liveweight kg n an empirically derived exponent  0.72 P atmospheric pressure in the aircraft hold kPa p stage of gestation days post-mating P sl atmospheric pressure at sea level kPa Q v ventilation rate m³s r mixing ratio water:air as gkg R ventilation rate m³s r inflow mixing ratio water:air as gkg rad radius of animal body mm RH relative humidity r n outflow mixing ratio water:air as gkg at time n r n-1 mixing ratio water:air as gkg at time n-1 r s mixing ratio at saturation water:air as gkg. Upgrade of LATSA Page 67 of 148 r  outflow mixing ratio water:air as gkg at time  r w wet bulb mixing ratio water:air as gkg S d manure surface area m² THI temperature humidity index t ambient temperature °C t b core body temperature °C t db ambient dry bulb temperature °C T temperature °K T d dry bulb temperature °K T inflow temperature °K T n outflow temperature °K or °C at time n T n-1 outflow temperature °K or °C at time n-1 T w wet bulb temperature °C or °K UCT upper critical temperature °C v air speed kmh V empty hold volume m³ V h hold headspace volume m³ y 1 milk production kgday y 2 daily liveweight gain kgday Z thermal insulation °C.m².dMJ Ρ density of hold headspace air kgm³ ρ sl density of air at sea level kgm³ pw vapour pressure differential Pa between the air and evaporative surface Upgrade of LATSA Page 68 of 148

9.2 Appendix 2 – Aircraft Data Tables used in version 2 of LATSA