Object of the Study

The second step was finding out the symbols in Eat Pray Love novel from the first place Italy, India, and ended in Indonesia to examine the symbol of eating, prayer, and love. The third step was studying some related studies having Eat Pray Love as their object. This step was done to know which areas of study had been taken and which had not, thus the writer can emphasize on the new area which had not been studied before. The fourth step was collecting some theories about symbols from some books and websites that related to this study. Symbolism is used in this research to answer the first problem formulation stated above. After the theories of symbols were collected, this study needs to be completed with theories of happiness purposed by Seligman. The happiness theory was needed to answer the second problem formulation in this research. That theory was related with the symbols in the novel as the indicators of happiness. Each symbol in this novel was a sign of happiness life that is achieved by the main character. The fifth step was making the conclusion from the analysis of the two research question in the previous chapter. 22

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS

In this part of study, the writer wants to analyze the answers for the two problem formulation mentioned above. The analysis is divided into two parts based on each problem to answer each of them. In the first part, structuralism which is focused on the content of the symbolic meaning in the novel is needed because in the first part of analysis is to answer how the symbols eating, prayer, and love in Eat Pray Love are presented while the second part is to answer the second problem formulation which is how the symbols of eating, prayer, and love reflect happiness.

A. Analysis of Symbols

According to Robert and Jacobs, a symbol is a person, thing, place, action, situation, or even thought. It possesses its own reality and meaning and may function at the normal level of reality within story Robert and Jacobs, 1987:279. In this first analysis, the symbol found; eating, prayer, and love through the place, action, or even thought that is stated by Robert and Jacobs. That theory is supported by Saussure in the scope of structuralism that language is arbitrary, relational, and constitutive. This study only focuses on the language that is constitutive. It means to say that no word can be defined in isolation from other words. The definition of any given word depends upon its relation with other adjoining words. This relational aspect of language gave rise to a famous remark of Saussure‘s: ‗In a language there are only