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1. Observation
Observation is the process of collecting data and information directly by observing people and places at the sites.
4
In addition, according to Cambridge dictionary, observation is to watch carefully the way
something happens or the way someone does something, especially in order to learn more about it. Thus, Observation is one of the techniques to
observe and find out directly and indirectly the activity happened and the subject of the study.
In this study, the researcher will conduct the research directly to the subject of the study uses a non-participant observation. According to
Creswell, a non-participant observer is an observer who visits a site and records notes without becoming involved in the activities of the
participants.
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In doing the observation, the research will come and sit at the back of the class and observe the situation and condition happened in
the English learning process of the students. In addition, the researcher also asks a co-observer to help record the classroom activity and to do the
documentation.
2. Interview
Interview is collecting data or information by giving questions to the respondent based on the subject of the study.
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The main task in interviewing is to understand the meaning of what the interviewees say.
Interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a
4
John W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research Ohio: Pearson, 2005, p. 4.
5
Ibid., p. 212.
6
Ibid., p. 98.
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45 participant’s experiences. It is like what Patton’s statement that interview
responses about people’s experiences, perceptions, opinions, feelings and knowledge.
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By using this technique, the researcher will conduct the conversation to asking some question with the teacher or the students
about the topic to support the data. Before doing the interview, the researcher also will prepare some question related to the positive rewards
and positive punishments in the classroom management. The interview not only allocated to the teacher but also to the students as the supported data
for the research.
3. Documentation
