PENGARUH MASUKAN SERESAH DAN UNSUR N, P TERHADAP KEMELIMPAHAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROBA TANAH PADA PEMBIBITAN KOPI ARABIKA
ABSTRAK
PENGARUH MASUKAN SERESAH DAN UNSUR N, P TERHADAP
KEMELIMPAHAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROBA TANAH PADA
PEMBIBITAN KOPI ARABIKA
Oleh
RULY OKTAVIA
Aktifitas dan keragaman mikroba tanah dipengaruhi oleh keragaman kualitas
seresah yang ada dipermukaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mempelajari pengaruh masukan berbagai jenis seresah dan penambahan unsur
N, P terhadap kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba tanah (bakteri, jamur
tanah dan nematoda) pada pembibitan kopi arabika. Hipotesis yang diajukan
dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberian jenis seresah dan penambahan unsur N,
P akan mempengaruhi kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba tanah (bakteri,
jamur tanah dan nematoda). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan
Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas
Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni
2007 sampai dengan Juni 2008. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial 6 x 2
dalam rancangan acak lengkap dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah
masukan seresah yang terdiri atas 6 jenis seresah dan faktor kedua adalah
pemupukan N, P. Dengan demikian terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan 36
satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tujuh isolat bakteri
dan sepuluh isolat jamur yang berbeda ditemukan pada pembibitan kopi
arabika. Lima isolat bakteri yang termasuk kelompok Gram (+), dan dua isolat
bakteri termasuk kelompok Gram (-). Aplikasi seresah dan pemupukan N, P
tidak mempengaruhi kemelimpahan dan keragaman bakteri dan jamur tanah.
Kemelimpahan seluruh individu nematoda pada bibit kopi dipengaruhi oleh
aplikasi seresah, tetapi tidak oleh pemupukan N, P dan interaksi antara seresah
dan pemupukan N, P. Kemelimpahan nematoda ordo Aphelenchida,
Dorylaimida, Rhabditida yang tinggi terjadi pada bibit kopi yang diaplikasi
seresah daun Gliricidia, sedangkan untuk kemelimpahan ordo Mononchida
yang tinggi, terjadi pada bibit kopi yang diaplikasi seresah daun alpukat.
Kata kunci : seresah, pemupukan, kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba
tanah, bibit kopi.
THE EFFECT OF LITTER AND N, P ELEMENTS TREATMENT THE
ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF SOIL MICROBES ON ARABICA
COFFEE SEEDLINGS
ABSTRACT
By:
RULY OKTAVIA
The activity and diversity of soil microbes are influenced by the variety of litter
quality on the soil surface. This research was conducted to study the influence of
several kinds of litter and N, P elements treatment on the abundance and diversity
of soil microbes (bacteria, soil fungi, and nematode) on the Arabica coffee
seedlings. The hypothesis of this research was the abundance and diversity of soil
microbes (bacteria, soil fungi, and nematode) were effected by litter and N, P
elements treatment on coffee seedling. This research was conducted in the Glass
House and Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural
Faculty, University of Lampung. This research was done from June 2007 until
June 2008. The factorial 6x2, in a complete random experimental design with
three repetitions, was applied the first factor was litter with six level, while the
second factor was the N, P application with two levels. Therefore, there were 12
combinations of treatments within 36 units of experiments. The result of the
research showed that there were seven different bacteria isolates and ten different
fungi isolates found in the Arabica coffee seedlings. The five bacteria isolates
were Gram (+) group, and two other the isolates were Gram (-) groups. The
application of litters and N, P element were not significantly effected the
abundance and diversity of bacteria and soil fungi. The abundance of every
nematode on the Arabica coffee seedling was significantly effected by the
application of litter, but not by the application of N, P fertilizer. The high
abundance of nematode ordo Aphelenchida, Dorylaimida, Rhabditida, were high
on coffee seed applied by Gliricidia leaves litter, while the high abundance of
ordo Mononchida, was high on coffee seed applied by avocado leaves litter.
Keyword: litter, soil microbes, abundance and diversity, coffee seedling.
PENGARUH MASUKAN SERESAH DAN UNSUR N, P TERHADAP
KEMELIMPAHAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROBA TANAH PADA
PEMBIBITAN KOPI ARABIKA
Oleh
RULY OKTAVIA
Aktifitas dan keragaman mikroba tanah dipengaruhi oleh keragaman kualitas
seresah yang ada dipermukaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mempelajari pengaruh masukan berbagai jenis seresah dan penambahan unsur
N, P terhadap kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba tanah (bakteri, jamur
tanah dan nematoda) pada pembibitan kopi arabika. Hipotesis yang diajukan
dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberian jenis seresah dan penambahan unsur N,
P akan mempengaruhi kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba tanah (bakteri,
jamur tanah dan nematoda). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan
Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas
Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni
2007 sampai dengan Juni 2008. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial 6 x 2
dalam rancangan acak lengkap dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah
masukan seresah yang terdiri atas 6 jenis seresah dan faktor kedua adalah
pemupukan N, P. Dengan demikian terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan 36
satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tujuh isolat bakteri
dan sepuluh isolat jamur yang berbeda ditemukan pada pembibitan kopi
arabika. Lima isolat bakteri yang termasuk kelompok Gram (+), dan dua isolat
bakteri termasuk kelompok Gram (-). Aplikasi seresah dan pemupukan N, P
tidak mempengaruhi kemelimpahan dan keragaman bakteri dan jamur tanah.
Kemelimpahan seluruh individu nematoda pada bibit kopi dipengaruhi oleh
aplikasi seresah, tetapi tidak oleh pemupukan N, P dan interaksi antara seresah
dan pemupukan N, P. Kemelimpahan nematoda ordo Aphelenchida,
Dorylaimida, Rhabditida yang tinggi terjadi pada bibit kopi yang diaplikasi
seresah daun Gliricidia, sedangkan untuk kemelimpahan ordo Mononchida
yang tinggi, terjadi pada bibit kopi yang diaplikasi seresah daun alpukat.
Kata kunci : seresah, pemupukan, kemelimpahan dan keragaman mikroba
tanah, bibit kopi.
THE EFFECT OF LITTER AND N, P ELEMENTS TREATMENT THE
ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF SOIL MICROBES ON ARABICA
COFFEE SEEDLINGS
ABSTRACT
By:
RULY OKTAVIA
The activity and diversity of soil microbes are influenced by the variety of litter
quality on the soil surface. This research was conducted to study the influence of
several kinds of litter and N, P elements treatment on the abundance and diversity
of soil microbes (bacteria, soil fungi, and nematode) on the Arabica coffee
seedlings. The hypothesis of this research was the abundance and diversity of soil
microbes (bacteria, soil fungi, and nematode) were effected by litter and N, P
elements treatment on coffee seedling. This research was conducted in the Glass
House and Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural
Faculty, University of Lampung. This research was done from June 2007 until
June 2008. The factorial 6x2, in a complete random experimental design with
three repetitions, was applied the first factor was litter with six level, while the
second factor was the N, P application with two levels. Therefore, there were 12
combinations of treatments within 36 units of experiments. The result of the
research showed that there were seven different bacteria isolates and ten different
fungi isolates found in the Arabica coffee seedlings. The five bacteria isolates
were Gram (+) group, and two other the isolates were Gram (-) groups. The
application of litters and N, P element were not significantly effected the
abundance and diversity of bacteria and soil fungi. The abundance of every
nematode on the Arabica coffee seedling was significantly effected by the
application of litter, but not by the application of N, P fertilizer. The high
abundance of nematode ordo Aphelenchida, Dorylaimida, Rhabditida, were high
on coffee seed applied by Gliricidia leaves litter, while the high abundance of
ordo Mononchida, was high on coffee seed applied by avocado leaves litter.
Keyword: litter, soil microbes, abundance and diversity, coffee seedling.