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2.5.1 Semantic Implication of Coordinating Conjunction by but.
But denotes a contrast. a. The contrast may be because what is said in the second conjoin is
unexpected in view of what is said in the first conjoin. Example : John is poor, but he is happy.
He did not want their help, but he had to except it. b. The contrast may be a restatement in affirmative terms of what has
been said or implied negatively in the first conjoin. Example : John did not spare his time in week before the exam, but
studied hard every evening.
2.5.2 Semantic Implication of Coordinating Conjunction by and.
And denotes a relationship between the contrast of clauses. We can visually make relationships explicity by adding an adverbial. We must
illustrate this with parenthesized items in most of which following examples :
a. The event is the second clause is a concequency or result of the even
in the first. Example : He heard an explosion and phoned the police.
b. The event is in the second clause is chronologically sequent to the
event in the first. Example : She washed the dishes and she cried them.
c. The second clauses introduce a contrast. And could be replaced by
but when this implication is present.
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Example : Robert is secretive and David is candid. d.
The second clause introduces an element of surprise in view of the content of the first.
Example : He tried hard and he failed.
2.5.3 Semantic Implication of Coordinating Conjunction by or.
a. Usually or is exclusive expressing the idea that only one of the possibility can be realized.
Example : You can sleep on the chair or you can go to hotel, or you Can go back to London..
b. Sometimes or is understood as inclusive, allowing the realization of combination of alternatives and we can explisitly include the third
clause. Example : You can boil an egg, or you can make some cheese
sandwich or you can do both. c. The alternatives expressed by or correction of what is said in the first
conjoin. Example : He began his educational career, or in other words he
started to attend the local kindergarten. e.
Or may imply a negative condition. Example : Give some money or I will shoot you.
Give some money, if you do not, I will shoot you.
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2.5.4 Semantic Implication of Subordinating Conjunction by before.
