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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter clarifies information on how this study is conducted. There are six parts in this chapter, namely research method, research participants,
research instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique and research procedure.
A. Research Method
The qualitative approach was applied in this study. Qualitative method was described as approaches used to gather data systematically, but the data were
purely descriptive, and therefore not numerical Sprinthal, Schemutte, and Sirois, 1991: 100. This study was a survey study it aims at obtaining the answers for the
question stated in the problem formulation. According to Ary et al. 2: 297, “survey study is a study that permits the researcher to summarize or measure the
characteristics, attitudes, and opinion of several different group towards some issues.”
According to Babbie 1973: 45, “survey study can be used profitably in the examination of many social topics and can be especially effective when
combined with other methods.” That was why this research also implemented a mixed method approach. According to Creswell 2003: 19, “mixed method
approach is one in which the researcher tends to base knowledge claims on pragmatic grounds.” It employs strategies of inquiry that involve collecting data
either simultaneously or sequentially to best understand research problems. The data collection also involved gathering both numeric information e.g., on
instruments as well as text information e.g.; on interviews so that the final database represents both quantitative and qualitative information. The quantitative
data was being collected by the use of questionnaire. On the contrary, the qualitative data was being collected by the use of focused interview.
B. Research Participants
This research implemented purposive sampling. The participants were chosen based on the information that were intended to be obtained. According to
Ary et al. 2002: 168, “gathering the data from all of the population will be expensive and needs much time.”
The participants of this research were the eleventh grade students of Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta Senior High School. They were year 2007 students. The
participants for questionnaire were sixty eight eleventh grade students of Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta Senior High School. The participants for the interview were
eight eleventh grade students of Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta Senior High School. The researcher considered that the data result as a supporting data would support
the primary data which was the questionnaire data result.
C. Research Instruments
The research implemented two data gathering instruments. They were questionnaire and interview.
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