Data Collecting Technique RESEARCH METHOD

“smoking in public place should be forbidden”. Those topics are the representative of speaking materials of School Based Curriculum or KTSP. 3. Determining Population and Sample The population of this research was the second grade or grade XI of SMA UTAMA 2 Bandar Lampung. There are 5 five classes and one class would take as the sample. 4. Conducting Pretest Pretest was given before the writer applied the treatment to measure increase of students’ speaking ability before being taught through debate. The test was speaking test in the form of debate. The material was tested relate to School Based Curriculum or KTSP which are suitable for their level. Pretest would is given to find out how far the competence of the students in speaking skill before the treatment. The test was for 80 minutes. In selecting the speaking material the researcher would use the syllabus of the third year of Senior High School based on school base curriculum or KTSP. The topic choose for example talk about “Mobile phone should be forbidden in the class”. 5. Conducting Treatment After giving pretest to students, the researcher gave treatments using debate. Each treatment took for 80 minutes. The researcher present the material for treatment in subjects through debate. In selecting the material the researcher used the syllabus of the third year of Senior High School students based on School based Curriculum or KTSP. In this research, the research would use four treatments. The topic was chosen was debatable topic that related to their social live for the example “Mobile phone should be forbidden in the class” 6. Recording process Recording the activity while treatment. The researcher used observation sheet to take the information while treatment occurred. 7. Conducting Post test Posttest was conducted to measure the increase of students’ speaking ability after being taught through Debate . The posttest held for 80 minutes. In selecting the material the researcher used the syllabus of the third year of senior high school students based on KTSP. The researcher administered posttest after the treatment. It aim to see the development of students’ speaking ability after they used debate in speaking class. The form of the test was subjective test. The posttest was similar to the pretest by asking the students to perform the debate in front of class with their group with the similar topic to the pretest. The researcher asked the students to make some arguments related to the topic, after that the students shared their arguments by using debate in front of the class. 8. Analyzing the data After collecting the data, that was students’ recorded utterance in performing the debate, the data was analyze by referring to the rating scale namely speaking ability and then interpretation of the data was done. First, scoring the pretest and posttest, and then tabulating the result of the test and calculating the mean of the pretest and the posttest. Repeated Measure T-Test used to draw the conclusion. The comparison of the two means counted using Repeated Measure t-test tell us the significant increase of students speaking ability. The data were computed through SPSS version 16. The hypothesis analyzed at the significance level of 0.05 in which the hypothesis is approved if sig ɚ

3.5 Criteria for Evaluating Students’ Speaking

The form of the test was subjective test since there is no exact answer. In this test the researcher used inter – rater to asses students’ performance. The raters are the researcher himself and the English teacher. The rater gave the score by listening to the record. The researcher recorded the student’s utterances because it helped the raters to evaluate more objectively. The test of speaking was measured based two principles, reliability and validity. Reliability Reliability refers to extend to which the test is consistent in its score and gives us an indication of how accurate the test score are Shohamy, 1985:70. In achieving the reliability of the pretest and posttest of speaking, inter rater reliability is used in this study. The first rater is the researcher himself ,and the second rater is the English class teacher. Both of them discussed and of the speaking criteria in order to obtain the reliable result of the test. The statistical formula for counting the reliability is as follow: R = 1 -     1 . . 6 2 2  n N d Notes: R = Reliability