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poetry exploration and experimentation. By reading a variety of poems, in reading alouds, independent reading, and group sharing, students begin to play with poetic
ideas and forms naturalally.
5
Abcarian says poetry is a form of writing that often employs rhyme, a regular rhythm, unusual word order, and an intense or
heightened language.
6
T.S. Eliot says that poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion; it is not the expression of personality, but an escape
from personality. But of course, only those who have personality and emotions know what it means who wants to escape from these things.
Poetry is the art of uniting pleasure with truth, like all literatures, attempts to communicate an author’s emotional and philosophical responses to his or her own existence and to surrounding world. Poetry is
the media to communicate what we felt, saw and observed from our environment and what we thought. So, They are rhythm, tone,rime, imagery and figure of speech to understand about the poetry.
Furthermore the explanation about figure of speech will be discussed in the next.
B. Definition of Figure of Speech
The word “figure” has sometimes been used to refer not only to means of expression, but to strategies of argument. Figure of Speech is where a word or words are
used to create an effect, often where they do not have their original or literal meaning. Figure of speech is, when the meaning of the words have a “deep” meaning, which is
different from the “surface” meaning. Figurative language is an expression as metaphor or euphemism that substitutes a variation in point of view by which one thing or notion
is referred to as if it were different in some way as in identity, degree, shape from what it actually implies an indeed meaning of effect either slightly or greatly different from
what is literally said or and expression using words in unusual or non-literal sense to give beauty or vividness of style; metaphor, personification, simile, hyperbole, metonymy,
5
Strickland, Doroty S., and Michael R. Strickland, Language and literacy: The Poetry Connection. Language Arts 74 March 1997, p.201-205.
6
Abcarian and Klotz, Literature: The Human experience, Shorter Edition, New York: California State University, 1980, p.695
xvi synecdoche, etc.
7
A figure of speech consists of comparison between two things, which we may label “x” and “y”. Generally one of the things, say x, is the one we are saying
something about, and x-term or primary term denotes the thing to which some other thing is compared.
8
According to Hall, Figure of speech are extra ordinary, original, non- literal uses of language, common to lively speech and literature.
9
Figurative language uses “figures of speech” – a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the
words or the use of word in transferred sense. It departs from the common literal meaning of a word and gives the word another meaning.
10
According to Wren and Martin, figure of speech is a departure from the ordinary from of expression or the ordinary course of
ideas in order to produce a greater effect.
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C. Type of Figure of Speech
