“Combined Remote Key Control and Immobilization System for Vehicle Security” “RFID-Based Anti-theft Auto Security System with an Immobilizer”

2.2.1 “Combined Remote Key Control and Immobilization System for Vehicle Security”

Ben Davis and Ron DeLong presented this vehicle security system in 1996, which consists of Remote Keyless Entry RKE and Immobilization with the use of Micro- Controller Unit MCU. This system improves the safety of Remote Key Control by introducing a unique authentication technique which the Remote unit generates different authentication code to the MCU during each transmission [3], which makes the decoding job difficult for car theft. This immobilizer system works by implement an Integrated Circuit IC inside the Car Key Remote control unit which communicates with the MCU by using LF radio signal at 125 kHz with inductive coupling technique. As shown in Figure 2.1, after receiving the correct authentication code, the MCU will allows the engine to be started up by the user. This system has the advantages of secure communication which makes the radio intercept and replay technique failed to gain access to the vehicle. Figure 2.1: The simplified immobilization system by Ben Davis and Ron DeLong

2.2.2: “RFID-Based Anti-theft Auto Security System with an Immobilizer”

In 2007, Geeth Jayendra, Sisil kumarawadu and Lasantha Meegahapola come out with a vehicle security system using Active RFID Radio frequency Identification. This system reduced the hacking probability to − 4 by sending 8-bit rolling unique authentication code each time the transmitter operate [4]. Compared to passive RFID, active RFID has longer range of up to 200m for operation, which enable the owner to disable the stolen car in a safe distance. This system consists of 3 unit, Transmitting Unit, Receiving Unit and Intelligent Vehicle Control Unit which communicating with each another. In case of vehicle is in danger, the owner can simply press the disable button on the portable transmitting unit, which will then sends out the unique authentication code to the receiving unit. After the receiving unit decoded the signal, the receiving unit communicate with the intelligent vehicle control unit to turn off the car engine. One of the advantages of this system is that the system includes an automatic gear shifter controller which will shift the transmission to Neutral position in case the vehicle is in high speed, and allows the vehicle to bring down the speed before engine shut down. Figure 2.2 shows the working principle of the system. Figure 2.2: Intelligent Vehicle Control System Working Principle by Geeth Jayendra, Sisil Kumarawadu and Lasantha Meegahapola.

2.2.3: “Ubiquitous GPS Vehicle Tracking and Management System”