INTERNET ADDICTION OF STUDENTS AT THE THIRD SEMESTER OF THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
INTERNET ADDICTION OF STUDENTS AT THE THIRD
SEMESTER OF THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
By:
PUTRI MAYANG KARINA F. M.
07360172
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2012
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil alamin. First of all, the researcher would like to
express the gratitude to the Almighty Allah SWT for the great wonderful blessing
and so many chances in whole life. Because of Allah’s guidance, blessing and
affection, the researcher can finish the thesis well. Shalawat and salam are always
for the prophet Muhammad SAW.
The researcher would like to express great appreciation and thanks to
many person who are behind the completion of this thesis. The writer appreciates
and thanks to Drs. Soeparto, M,Pd the first advisor, and Drs. Mas’udi, M.Ed as
the second advisor, for their precious encouragement, understanding, valuable
suggestion, patience, guidance and hundred correction in complementing this
thesis. Thanks to Drs. Hartono, M.Pd as the first examiner, and Bayu Hendro
W.,Ph.D as the second examiner, for their constructive criticism and suggestion.
The great regard and gratitude are given to the researcher’s beloved
mother and father who always give love, affection, attention, guidance, prayer,
and support. Special thanks to researcher’family in Kediri and Malang for their
prayer and support. Thanks to Fardini Sabilah, M.Pd. And also thanks to all
friends, especially for Eva, Mbak Mufis, Mbak Septi, Aries, Mamas, Mbak Susy,
Evapha, Iphe, Arina, Nadya, Udit, Adna, Ajeng and Danang who always give
help, suggestion and support.
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
“Don’t stop ‘til you get enough!”
(Michael Jackson, 1958-2009)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL .................................................................................................. i
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ..................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .............................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................... vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................. 1
1.1 Background of the study ................................................. 1
1.2 Statement of the problem ................................................ 4
1.3 Purpose of the study ........................................................ 4
1.4 Significance of the study ................................................. 5
1.5 Scope and limitation........................................................ 5
1.6 Definition of the key term ............................................... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE...... 7
2.1.1 Definition of internet ............................................... 7
2.1.2 Function of Internet ................................................ 8
2.2.1 Definition of addiction ........................................... 9
2.3.1 Definition of internet addiction .............................. 10
2.3.2 Criteria of internet addiction .................................. 11
2.3.3 Type of internet addiction ...................................... 14
2.3.4 Symptoms of internet addiction ............................. 15
2.3.5 The effect of internet addiction .............................. 16
2.3.6 The major contributing factor to internet addiction 18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...................... 24
!
"
3.1.2 Population ................................................................ 25
3.1.3 Sample ..................................................................... 25
!
#
$
$
$
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 32
4.1 Research Finding ............................................................... 32
4.2 Discussion ......................................................................... 34
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................ 40
5.1 Conclusion ......................................................................... 40
5.2 Suggestion ......................................................................... 41
REFERENCES
APPENDIXES
REFERENCES
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Razavieh, A. 2002. Introduction to Research in
Education. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Beard, K. W. 2005. “Internet Addiction: A Review of Current Assessment
Techniques and Potential Assessment Questions”. CyberPsychology
& Behavior. No. 8, pages. 7-14.
Beck, D. A. 2007. Psychiatric Disorders due to General Medical Conditions.
(Online), (http://web.archive.org/web/20080414121814/http://www.
umcpsychiatry.com/medstudents/Psychiatryic+Disorder+Due+to+Gen
eral+Medical+Conditions-Outline.pdf)
Blaszczynski, Alex. 2011. Is It an Internet Addiction or Just an Addiction Using
the Internet? (Online), (http://www.easg.org/media/file/vienna2010/
presentations/Wednesday/1600/P1/1_Alex_Blaszcynski.pdf)
Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Mills, J. E., Douglas, A. C., Niang, M., Stepchenkova, S.,
Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J-K., Atallah, M., Blanton, M. 2009.
“Internet Addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996-2006. Quantitative
Research”. CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 12, pages. 203-207.
Chen, Y. F., & Peng, S. S., (2008), “University Students’ Internet Use and Its
Relationships
with
Academic
Performance,
Interpersonal
Relationships, Psychosocial Adjustment, and Self-Evaluation”.
CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 11, pages. 467-469.
Childnet.
2006. Internet
Addiction. (Online),
int.org/downloads/factsheet_addiction.pdf)
(http://www.childnet-
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. 2006. How to Design and Evaluate Research in
Education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Greenfield, D.N. 1999. Virtual Addiction. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger
Publications, Inc.
Griffiths, M. 2000. “Does Internet and Computer ‘Addiction’ Exist? Some Case
Study Evidence”. CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 3, pages 211218.
Gunuc, Selim. 2011. “Examination of Internet Addiction among Computer
Department Staff in Terms of Duration and Purpose of Its Use”.
International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, Vol. 4, No. 1,
June 2011, Pages 39-46
Huang, R. L., Lu, Z., Liu, J. J., You, Y. M., Pan, Z. Q., Wei, Z., He, Q., Wang, Z.
Z. 2009. “Features and predictors of problematic internet use in
Chinese college students”. Behaviour & Information Technology. No.
28, pages 485-490.
Jerusalem, M., Hahn, A., Niesing, A., & Hier, A. 2001. Stress and Addiction in
the Internet: First Results of an On-Screen-Study. (Online),
(http://www.internetsucht.de/)
Kabay,
M. E. 2011. Debate over Internet “Addiction”. (Online),
(http://www.mekabay.com/nwss/778_debate_over_internet_addiction.
pdf)
Kubey, R.W., Lavin, M.J., Barrows, J.R. 2001. “Internet Use and Collegiate
Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings”. Journal of
Communication. No. 51, pages 366-382.
Landreneau,
K.
J.
2005.
Sampling
Strategies.
(Online),
(http://www.natco1.org/research/files/SamplingStrategies.pdf)
Malhotra, N. K. 2005. Chapter 5: Questionnaire Design and Scale Development.
(Online), (http://www.terry.uga.edu/~rgrover/chapter_5.pdf)
Morahan-Martin, J., & Schumacher, P. 2000. “Incidence and Correlates of
Pathological Internet Use among College Students”. Computers in
Human Behavior. No. 16, pages 13-29.
Newman, Rochelle. 2005. Sampling. (Online), (http://www.info-pollution.com/
evidence.htm)
Niemz, K., Griffiths. M., Banyard, P. 2005. “Prevalence of Pathological Internet
Use among University Students and Correlations with Self-Esteem,
The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Disinhibition”.
CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 8, pages 562-570.
Scherer, K. 1997. College Life Online: “Healthy and Unhealthy Internet Use”.
Journal of College Life and Development, No. 38, pages 655-665.
Schlegel, Matthew. 2007. Internet Addiction: A Phenomenon of The Modern
Society? (Online), (http://www.scribd.com/doc/28255207/InternetAddiction-A-Phenomenon-of-the-Modern-Society)
Siniscalco, M. T., & Auriat, Nadia. 2004. Quantitative Research Method in
Educational Planning. (Online), (http://www.sacmeq.org and
http://www.unesco.org/iiep)
Wikipedia, 12 Oktober 2011. Addiction. (Online), (www.wikipedia.co.id/)
Wikipedia, 12 Oktober 2011. Internet. (Online), (www.wikipedia.co.id/)
Young, K. S. 1996. “Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical
Disorder”. CyberPsychology and Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 3, pages: 237244.
Young, K. S. 1998. Center for Internet Addiction. Internet Addiction Test (IAT).
(Online), (http://www.netaddiction.com/resources/internet_addiction_
test.htm)
Young, K. S., & Rodgers, R. C. 1998. The Relationship Between Depression and
Internet Addiction”. CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 1,
pages 25-28,
Young, K. S. 2004. “Internet Addiction: A New Clinical Phenomenon and Its
Consequences.” American Behavioral Scientist, 48(1), pages: 402-415
Young,
K.
S.
2004.
Internet
Addiction
Test.
(Online),
(http://www.netaddiction.com/index.php?option=com_bfquiz&view=
onepage&catid=46&Itemid=106)
Young, K. S. 2009. Understanding Internet Addiction: Symptoms, Risk Factors
and Treatment. (Online), (http://www.zurinstitute.com/online/
internetaddiction1.html)
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of this research proposal present such topic as: background of the
study, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study,
scope and limitation, and definition of the key term. Each section is presented as
follows.
1.1 Background of the study
Internet technology is a pleasing thing. Most of people possibly are hit
addiction for having activity in this virtual world, including checked e-mail,
updates status in social network, browsing, etc. But this thing will give bad effect
is bad for mental health if the usage of internet has become a factious habit
recognized as term internet addiction.
Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder, which does
not involve use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological
gambling (Greenfield, 1999). There is some controversy in the psychology and
psychiatric communities regarding the use of the term "addiction" for this or other
types of problems caused by behaviors that do not include the use of some types
of drug (from gambling to television to sex). To the extent that internet addiction
is a serious issue, it springs from heavy use - "addiction" to - online gambling,
pornography, games, or surfing, or chat (Young, 2004).
Similar to other addictions, those suffering from internet addiction use the
virtual fantasy world to connect with real people through the Internet, as a
1
2
substitution for real-life human connection, which they are unable to achieve
normally (Greenfield, 1999).
According to Young (2004), some indicators of internet addiction are:
•
Spending too much time online, typically focusing on one particular
application
•
Feeling guilty about the amount spent online
•
Missing work, school, or other commitments
•
Lying about the amount spent online
•
Interpersonal problems
•
Neglecting friends
•
Withdrawal/isolation
•
Irritability when not online
•
Staying online longer than intended
•
Lying about time online
•
Decrease in physical activity
•
Sleep deprivation to spend time online
According to Maressa Orzack, a director of the Computer Addiction Study
Center at Harvard University's McLean Hospital, between 5% and 10% of Web
surfers suffer some form of Web dependency (Yasmin, 2007).
Greenfield (1999) believes that some services available over the Internet
have unique psychological properties which induce dissociation, time distortion,
and instant gratification, with about 6% of individuals experiencing some
significant impact on their lives. However, he says it may not best be seen as an
3
addiction but rather as a compulsion. Greenfield claims that sex, gaming,
gambling, and shopping online can produce a mood-altering effect.
According to the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery (whose director is
Kimberly S. Young, a researcher who has lobbied for the recognition of net abuse
as a distinct clinical disorder), internet addicts suffer from emotional problems
such as depression and anxiety-related disorders and often use the fantasy world
of the Internet to psychologically escape unpleasant feelings or stressful situations
(Young, 2009).
Over 60% of people seeking treatment for IAD claim involvement with
sexual activities online which they consider inappropriate, such as excessive
attention to pornography or involvement in explicit sexual conversations online.
More than half are also addicted to alcohol, drugs, tobacco, or sex (Byun et. al.,
2009).
In 2008, Block observed that 86% of study subjects showing internet
addiction symptoms also exhibited other diagnosable mental health disorders
(Byun et. al., 2009). A 2009, study suggested that brain structural changes were
present in those classified by the researchers as internet addicted, similar to those
classified as chemically addicted (Zhou et. al., 2009). Scientists have found that
compulsive internet use can produce morphological changes in the structure of the
brain (Yuan et. al., 2011).
Found case in United States of America where someone should not pass
because have never attended class to stir having internet. While for case in
Indonesia is an blurry age girl 12 years from her home during 2 week, during the
4
time the girl confess stay in a warnet (internet cafe) to play online game (Media
Indonesia, 2010).
Addiction disorder to internet seen from time intensity finished by
someone in front of computer or equipment of other electronic in circuit with
internet, seen that the many time applied for online has menaced life of social they
are outside there like, level of decline achievement in their education, far of they
are from socialization from public makes them like isolating they self, or there
even exist also which until out of the work.
So that is why, the researcher really interested in doing research about a
study on internet addiction at students of English department in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
1.2 Statement of the problem
Based on the background of the study, the research problems is how the
internet addiction of students at the third semester of the English Department
of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang?
1.3 Purpose of the study
Based on research question above, purpose of this study is to know the
internet level of addiction at students of English Department in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
5
1.4 Significance of the study
This research is very important because it can give detail information about
level of internet addiction and it effects at students of English Department in a
college. This research means to do exploration to the level of internet addiction at
students of English Department. This research is important for students to know
their level of internet addiction. For English Department in a college, this research
is important to contribute knowledge developments about the level of internet
addiction at students of English Department. For the researcher, this research is
also important to apply knowledge from college about the level of internet
addiction at students, besides as a reference for similar research.
1.5 Scope and limitation
The writer wants to focus the scope of the study on the level of internet
addiction at students of English Department in University of Muhammadiyah
Malang. This research is limited to students at English Department in University
of Muhammadiyah Malang.
1.6 Definition of the key term
Internet
: A high-speed medium supporting global flow of
communication & information (Blaszczynski, 2011). A
global technologies system of interconnected computer
networks to get virtual communication and any
information.
6
Addiction
: A habitual repetition of excessive behavior that a
person is unable or unwilling to stop, despite its
harmful consequences (Kabay, 2011). Addiction is
viewed as a continued involvement with a substance or
activity despite the negative consequences associated
with it.
Internet addiction : An impulse control disorder, which does not involve
use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to
pathological
gambling
(Greenfield,
1999).
An
individual’s inability to control the internet using.
Level of internet :
A gradation of inability to control the internet used by
addiction
Young’s Internet Addiction Test Scores (Dayu, 2010).
Level of internet addiction is the level to control the
internet using.
:
SEMESTER OF THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
By:
PUTRI MAYANG KARINA F. M.
07360172
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2012
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil alamin. First of all, the researcher would like to
express the gratitude to the Almighty Allah SWT for the great wonderful blessing
and so many chances in whole life. Because of Allah’s guidance, blessing and
affection, the researcher can finish the thesis well. Shalawat and salam are always
for the prophet Muhammad SAW.
The researcher would like to express great appreciation and thanks to
many person who are behind the completion of this thesis. The writer appreciates
and thanks to Drs. Soeparto, M,Pd the first advisor, and Drs. Mas’udi, M.Ed as
the second advisor, for their precious encouragement, understanding, valuable
suggestion, patience, guidance and hundred correction in complementing this
thesis. Thanks to Drs. Hartono, M.Pd as the first examiner, and Bayu Hendro
W.,Ph.D as the second examiner, for their constructive criticism and suggestion.
The great regard and gratitude are given to the researcher’s beloved
mother and father who always give love, affection, attention, guidance, prayer,
and support. Special thanks to researcher’family in Kediri and Malang for their
prayer and support. Thanks to Fardini Sabilah, M.Pd. And also thanks to all
friends, especially for Eva, Mbak Mufis, Mbak Septi, Aries, Mamas, Mbak Susy,
Evapha, Iphe, Arina, Nadya, Udit, Adna, Ajeng and Danang who always give
help, suggestion and support.
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
“Don’t stop ‘til you get enough!”
(Michael Jackson, 1958-2009)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL .................................................................................................. i
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ..................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .............................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................... vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................. 1
1.1 Background of the study ................................................. 1
1.2 Statement of the problem ................................................ 4
1.3 Purpose of the study ........................................................ 4
1.4 Significance of the study ................................................. 5
1.5 Scope and limitation........................................................ 5
1.6 Definition of the key term ............................................... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE...... 7
2.1.1 Definition of internet ............................................... 7
2.1.2 Function of Internet ................................................ 8
2.2.1 Definition of addiction ........................................... 9
2.3.1 Definition of internet addiction .............................. 10
2.3.2 Criteria of internet addiction .................................. 11
2.3.3 Type of internet addiction ...................................... 14
2.3.4 Symptoms of internet addiction ............................. 15
2.3.5 The effect of internet addiction .............................. 16
2.3.6 The major contributing factor to internet addiction 18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...................... 24
!
"
3.1.2 Population ................................................................ 25
3.1.3 Sample ..................................................................... 25
!
#
$
$
$
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 32
4.1 Research Finding ............................................................... 32
4.2 Discussion ......................................................................... 34
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................ 40
5.1 Conclusion ......................................................................... 40
5.2 Suggestion ......................................................................... 41
REFERENCES
APPENDIXES
REFERENCES
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Razavieh, A. 2002. Introduction to Research in
Education. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Beard, K. W. 2005. “Internet Addiction: A Review of Current Assessment
Techniques and Potential Assessment Questions”. CyberPsychology
& Behavior. No. 8, pages. 7-14.
Beck, D. A. 2007. Psychiatric Disorders due to General Medical Conditions.
(Online), (http://web.archive.org/web/20080414121814/http://www.
umcpsychiatry.com/medstudents/Psychiatryic+Disorder+Due+to+Gen
eral+Medical+Conditions-Outline.pdf)
Blaszczynski, Alex. 2011. Is It an Internet Addiction or Just an Addiction Using
the Internet? (Online), (http://www.easg.org/media/file/vienna2010/
presentations/Wednesday/1600/P1/1_Alex_Blaszcynski.pdf)
Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Mills, J. E., Douglas, A. C., Niang, M., Stepchenkova, S.,
Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J-K., Atallah, M., Blanton, M. 2009.
“Internet Addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996-2006. Quantitative
Research”. CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 12, pages. 203-207.
Chen, Y. F., & Peng, S. S., (2008), “University Students’ Internet Use and Its
Relationships
with
Academic
Performance,
Interpersonal
Relationships, Psychosocial Adjustment, and Self-Evaluation”.
CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 11, pages. 467-469.
Childnet.
2006. Internet
Addiction. (Online),
int.org/downloads/factsheet_addiction.pdf)
(http://www.childnet-
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. 2006. How to Design and Evaluate Research in
Education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Greenfield, D.N. 1999. Virtual Addiction. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger
Publications, Inc.
Griffiths, M. 2000. “Does Internet and Computer ‘Addiction’ Exist? Some Case
Study Evidence”. CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 3, pages 211218.
Gunuc, Selim. 2011. “Examination of Internet Addiction among Computer
Department Staff in Terms of Duration and Purpose of Its Use”.
International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, Vol. 4, No. 1,
June 2011, Pages 39-46
Huang, R. L., Lu, Z., Liu, J. J., You, Y. M., Pan, Z. Q., Wei, Z., He, Q., Wang, Z.
Z. 2009. “Features and predictors of problematic internet use in
Chinese college students”. Behaviour & Information Technology. No.
28, pages 485-490.
Jerusalem, M., Hahn, A., Niesing, A., & Hier, A. 2001. Stress and Addiction in
the Internet: First Results of an On-Screen-Study. (Online),
(http://www.internetsucht.de/)
Kabay,
M. E. 2011. Debate over Internet “Addiction”. (Online),
(http://www.mekabay.com/nwss/778_debate_over_internet_addiction.
pdf)
Kubey, R.W., Lavin, M.J., Barrows, J.R. 2001. “Internet Use and Collegiate
Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings”. Journal of
Communication. No. 51, pages 366-382.
Landreneau,
K.
J.
2005.
Sampling
Strategies.
(Online),
(http://www.natco1.org/research/files/SamplingStrategies.pdf)
Malhotra, N. K. 2005. Chapter 5: Questionnaire Design and Scale Development.
(Online), (http://www.terry.uga.edu/~rgrover/chapter_5.pdf)
Morahan-Martin, J., & Schumacher, P. 2000. “Incidence and Correlates of
Pathological Internet Use among College Students”. Computers in
Human Behavior. No. 16, pages 13-29.
Newman, Rochelle. 2005. Sampling. (Online), (http://www.info-pollution.com/
evidence.htm)
Niemz, K., Griffiths. M., Banyard, P. 2005. “Prevalence of Pathological Internet
Use among University Students and Correlations with Self-Esteem,
The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Disinhibition”.
CyberPsychology & Behavior. No. 8, pages 562-570.
Scherer, K. 1997. College Life Online: “Healthy and Unhealthy Internet Use”.
Journal of College Life and Development, No. 38, pages 655-665.
Schlegel, Matthew. 2007. Internet Addiction: A Phenomenon of The Modern
Society? (Online), (http://www.scribd.com/doc/28255207/InternetAddiction-A-Phenomenon-of-the-Modern-Society)
Siniscalco, M. T., & Auriat, Nadia. 2004. Quantitative Research Method in
Educational Planning. (Online), (http://www.sacmeq.org and
http://www.unesco.org/iiep)
Wikipedia, 12 Oktober 2011. Addiction. (Online), (www.wikipedia.co.id/)
Wikipedia, 12 Oktober 2011. Internet. (Online), (www.wikipedia.co.id/)
Young, K. S. 1996. “Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical
Disorder”. CyberPsychology and Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 3, pages: 237244.
Young, K. S. 1998. Center for Internet Addiction. Internet Addiction Test (IAT).
(Online), (http://www.netaddiction.com/resources/internet_addiction_
test.htm)
Young, K. S., & Rodgers, R. C. 1998. The Relationship Between Depression and
Internet Addiction”. CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 1,
pages 25-28,
Young, K. S. 2004. “Internet Addiction: A New Clinical Phenomenon and Its
Consequences.” American Behavioral Scientist, 48(1), pages: 402-415
Young,
K.
S.
2004.
Internet
Addiction
Test.
(Online),
(http://www.netaddiction.com/index.php?option=com_bfquiz&view=
onepage&catid=46&Itemid=106)
Young, K. S. 2009. Understanding Internet Addiction: Symptoms, Risk Factors
and Treatment. (Online), (http://www.zurinstitute.com/online/
internetaddiction1.html)
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of this research proposal present such topic as: background of the
study, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study,
scope and limitation, and definition of the key term. Each section is presented as
follows.
1.1 Background of the study
Internet technology is a pleasing thing. Most of people possibly are hit
addiction for having activity in this virtual world, including checked e-mail,
updates status in social network, browsing, etc. But this thing will give bad effect
is bad for mental health if the usage of internet has become a factious habit
recognized as term internet addiction.
Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder, which does
not involve use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological
gambling (Greenfield, 1999). There is some controversy in the psychology and
psychiatric communities regarding the use of the term "addiction" for this or other
types of problems caused by behaviors that do not include the use of some types
of drug (from gambling to television to sex). To the extent that internet addiction
is a serious issue, it springs from heavy use - "addiction" to - online gambling,
pornography, games, or surfing, or chat (Young, 2004).
Similar to other addictions, those suffering from internet addiction use the
virtual fantasy world to connect with real people through the Internet, as a
1
2
substitution for real-life human connection, which they are unable to achieve
normally (Greenfield, 1999).
According to Young (2004), some indicators of internet addiction are:
•
Spending too much time online, typically focusing on one particular
application
•
Feeling guilty about the amount spent online
•
Missing work, school, or other commitments
•
Lying about the amount spent online
•
Interpersonal problems
•
Neglecting friends
•
Withdrawal/isolation
•
Irritability when not online
•
Staying online longer than intended
•
Lying about time online
•
Decrease in physical activity
•
Sleep deprivation to spend time online
According to Maressa Orzack, a director of the Computer Addiction Study
Center at Harvard University's McLean Hospital, between 5% and 10% of Web
surfers suffer some form of Web dependency (Yasmin, 2007).
Greenfield (1999) believes that some services available over the Internet
have unique psychological properties which induce dissociation, time distortion,
and instant gratification, with about 6% of individuals experiencing some
significant impact on their lives. However, he says it may not best be seen as an
3
addiction but rather as a compulsion. Greenfield claims that sex, gaming,
gambling, and shopping online can produce a mood-altering effect.
According to the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery (whose director is
Kimberly S. Young, a researcher who has lobbied for the recognition of net abuse
as a distinct clinical disorder), internet addicts suffer from emotional problems
such as depression and anxiety-related disorders and often use the fantasy world
of the Internet to psychologically escape unpleasant feelings or stressful situations
(Young, 2009).
Over 60% of people seeking treatment for IAD claim involvement with
sexual activities online which they consider inappropriate, such as excessive
attention to pornography or involvement in explicit sexual conversations online.
More than half are also addicted to alcohol, drugs, tobacco, or sex (Byun et. al.,
2009).
In 2008, Block observed that 86% of study subjects showing internet
addiction symptoms also exhibited other diagnosable mental health disorders
(Byun et. al., 2009). A 2009, study suggested that brain structural changes were
present in those classified by the researchers as internet addicted, similar to those
classified as chemically addicted (Zhou et. al., 2009). Scientists have found that
compulsive internet use can produce morphological changes in the structure of the
brain (Yuan et. al., 2011).
Found case in United States of America where someone should not pass
because have never attended class to stir having internet. While for case in
Indonesia is an blurry age girl 12 years from her home during 2 week, during the
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time the girl confess stay in a warnet (internet cafe) to play online game (Media
Indonesia, 2010).
Addiction disorder to internet seen from time intensity finished by
someone in front of computer or equipment of other electronic in circuit with
internet, seen that the many time applied for online has menaced life of social they
are outside there like, level of decline achievement in their education, far of they
are from socialization from public makes them like isolating they self, or there
even exist also which until out of the work.
So that is why, the researcher really interested in doing research about a
study on internet addiction at students of English department in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
1.2 Statement of the problem
Based on the background of the study, the research problems is how the
internet addiction of students at the third semester of the English Department
of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang?
1.3 Purpose of the study
Based on research question above, purpose of this study is to know the
internet level of addiction at students of English Department in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
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1.4 Significance of the study
This research is very important because it can give detail information about
level of internet addiction and it effects at students of English Department in a
college. This research means to do exploration to the level of internet addiction at
students of English Department. This research is important for students to know
their level of internet addiction. For English Department in a college, this research
is important to contribute knowledge developments about the level of internet
addiction at students of English Department. For the researcher, this research is
also important to apply knowledge from college about the level of internet
addiction at students, besides as a reference for similar research.
1.5 Scope and limitation
The writer wants to focus the scope of the study on the level of internet
addiction at students of English Department in University of Muhammadiyah
Malang. This research is limited to students at English Department in University
of Muhammadiyah Malang.
1.6 Definition of the key term
Internet
: A high-speed medium supporting global flow of
communication & information (Blaszczynski, 2011). A
global technologies system of interconnected computer
networks to get virtual communication and any
information.
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Addiction
: A habitual repetition of excessive behavior that a
person is unable or unwilling to stop, despite its
harmful consequences (Kabay, 2011). Addiction is
viewed as a continued involvement with a substance or
activity despite the negative consequences associated
with it.
Internet addiction : An impulse control disorder, which does not involve
use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to
pathological
gambling
(Greenfield,
1999).
An
individual’s inability to control the internet using.
Level of internet :
A gradation of inability to control the internet used by
addiction
Young’s Internet Addiction Test Scores (Dayu, 2010).
Level of internet addiction is the level to control the
internet using.
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