REALIZATION OF THE POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES BY THE STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT Realization of The Politeness Strategies of Directive Utterances by The Students of English Department at The Fourth Semester at Muhammadiyah Universi

REALIZATION OF THE POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF DIRECTIVE
UTTERANCES BY THE STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
AT THE FOURTH SEMESTER MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department

by:
ARIF INDRA PURNOMO
A320120159

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016

 

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MOTTO

Will never die, a man’s dream….
(Black Beard – One Piece)

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DEDICATION

This research paper is specially dedicated to:
My beloved father
( H. PoernomoS.Pd )
My beloved mother
( H. Sri JuminiB.a )
My handsome brother
( NugrohoAdipurnomo and his family )
( WibowoAgungPurnomo and his family )

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the most powerful and merciful, His blessing can never be
calculated or measured, so that the researcher can finish this research paper entitled
“REALIZATION OF THE POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF DIRECTIVE
UTTERANCES BY THE STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT AT THE
FOURTH

SEMESTER

MUHAMMADIYAH

UNIVERSITY

OF

SURAKARTA” this research paper is one of requirement to finish studying in
English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
This research paper cannot be finished without many helps and supporting from
several people. Therefore, the researcher would like to express big thanks to:
1.Prof. Dr. H. BambangSetiaji, the Rector of MuhammadiyahUnversity of
Surakarta.
2.Prof. Dr. HarunJokoPrayitno, the Dean of MuhammadiyahUnversity of
Surakarta.
3.MaulyHalwatHikmar,

Ph.D.

the

Head

of

English

Department

of

MuhammadiyahUnversity of Surakarta.
4.Dra. SitiZuhriahAriatmi, M.Hum, as the consultant, who has given her time to
guide, advice, and share much knowledge to the researcher until this researcher
paper is finished.
5.All lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
for all the beneficial knowledge that has received by the researcher.
6.His beloved family, his beloved father and mother who always give advice,
support, attention, and motivation for his life.

7.His handsome brothers, thanks for your support at any time.
8.His patient partner, D.K, thanks for your attention, helps, guide and many more.

vii
 

9.His beloved friend from the beginning semester Suci, Rizal, Dian Histori,
Ridwan, Kartika.
10.His awesomeness friends in THE FOSICKER ( Andre, Dina, Ayu, Lilies,
Novia, Andin, Davita, Dicky, Dwi, Henny, Iid, Intan, Sely, Mia, Panggah,
Farah, Richo, Riski, Putri, SitiNur, Silvi, Tama, Tiara, Titis Tiara Rind, Tri,
Wildan, Vindy, Yulia, Mitha, Suci, Rizhal, Dian, KartikaRidwan) thanks.
11.His all awesome DEE friends. Thank you.
12.EDSO 2015, for the beautiful experience.
13.First Division member Fathoni, Marta, Tafsir, eko, Elya, Gendis, Masriah,
Andan, Mila,
14.Iid Boarding House, thanks for share a place for sleep.
15.Rifki and Hemix as the PerpustakaanJurusan staff, thanks for the place.
16.His photography friends who always give new spirit.
17.The Clash of Clans leader and member, thanks for the excited battle.

18.All of staff who helps the researcher in processing the administration.
19.Everybody who has helped the researcher in this process that cannot be
mentioned on by one.

Thanks for all suggestion, help, support, enlightenment, other experience that are
given. The writher hopes that this research will bring the beneficial for everyone.

Surakarta, 1 Agustus 2016
The Writer

ArifIndraPurnomo
A320120159

viii
 

SUMMARY
ARIF INDRA PURNOMO / A320120159. REALIZATION OF THE
POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES BY THE
STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT AT THE FOURTH SEMESTER

AT MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. Research paper.
School of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta. Agustus, 2016
This descriptive qualitative research aims at describing (1) syntactical form of
directive utterances, (2) the realization of politeness strategy (3) the relationship of
directive utterance with politeness strategies. The data used in this research are
utterances which are used by the students. The technique of collecting data used
DCT model. The techniques of analyzing data are data reduction, analysis, and
conclusion. The data are analyzed by using politeness theory (Brown and Levinson,
1987), grouping the sentences uses theory from (Frank, 1972) and politeness degree
uses theory from (Leech, 1999).
The result indicated that: there are 4 types’ linguistic forms at directive
utterances. (1) In request strategy the researcher found 3 linguistic forms namely:
interrogative sentence takes 64%, imperative sentence takes 19%, and declarative
sentence takes 17%. In order strategy the researcher found 4 linguistic forms namely:
interrogative sentence takes 48%, imperative sentence takes 37%, and declarative
sentence takes 13% and exclamatory sentence 2% (2) there are five politeness
strategies. In request strategy the researcher found 4 politeness strategies namely:
bald on record 18%, positive politeness 17%, negative politeness 62%, and off record
2%. In order strategy the researcher found 3 linguistic forms namely: bald on record

28%, positive politeness 12%, and negative politeness 59%. (3) The relationship of
syntactical form directive utterance with politeness strategy, interrogative sentence
have relationship with negative politeness, imperative sentence have relationship
with positive politeness and bald on record, declarative sentence have relationship
with off record, and exclamatory sentence have relationship with do not do FT.
Keywords: directive utterance, descriptive qualitative, politeness theory.

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RINGKASAN
ARIF INDRA PURNOMO / A320120159. REALIZATION OF THE POLITENESS
STRATEGIES OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES BY THE STUDENTS OF
ENGLISH
DEPARTMENT
AT
THE
FOURT
SEMESTER
AT

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. Skripsi. Fakultas
Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Agustus
2016.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bertujua nuntuk mengetahui penggunaan
kesantunan dalam berbahasa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diskriptif kualitatif
yang bertujuan untuk: (1) mendiskripsikan bentuk kalimat direktif, (2)
mendiskripsikan penggunaan teorik esantunan (3) mendiskripsikan hubungan
kalimat direktif dengan teori kesantunan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
ialahk alimat – kalimat direktif yang digunakan oleh siswa. Tehnik pengumupulan
data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik DCT. Tehnik analisis data meliputi
reduksi data, menganalisa, dan kesimpulan. Data-data tersebut di analisis
menggunkan teori kesantunan (Brown and Levinsson, 1987), pengelompokan
kalimat menggunakan teori dari (Frank, 1972), dan tingkatan kalimat menggunakan
teori dari (Leech, 1999).
Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan: (1) ada empat tipe kalimat berdasar
fungsinya, dalam cara meminta kalimattanya (64%), kalimat perintah (19%), kalmiat
deklaratif (17%), dalam cara member perintah kalimat tanya (48%), kalimat perintah
(37%), kalimat deklaratif (13%) dan kalimat seruan (2%). (2) ada empat teori
kesantunan dalam cara meminta, yaitu bald on record (18%), kesantunan positif
(17%), kesantunan negatif (62%), off record (2%), dalam member perintah ada 3 dan

bald on record (28%), kesantunan positif (12%), kesantunan negatif (59%). (3)
hubungan kalimat directive dengan kesantunan yaitu, kalimat tanya memiliki
hubungan dengan kesantunan negative, kalimat perintah memiliki hubungan dengan
kesantunan positif dan bald on record, kalimat deklaratif memiliki hubungan dengan
off record, dan kaliamat seruan memiliki hubungan dengan do not do FT.
Kata kunci: kalimat direktif, descriptif kualitatif, teori kesantunan.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ........................................................................................................ i
TESTIMONY ............................................................................................ ii
APPROVAL .............................................................................................. iii
ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ........................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................ vii
ABSTRACK .............................................................................................. ix
ABSTRACK .............................................................................................. x

TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ xi
LIST OF TABLE ...................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................. xv
LIST OF APPENDICES .......................................................................... xvi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research context …………………………………

1

B. Limitation of the Study …………………………...

2

C.Focus of the study …………………………………

3

D.Objective of the Stud ……………………………...

3

E.Benefit of the study……………………………….

3

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
A.

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK .....................

5

1. Pragmatic……………………………………… 5
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a.

Pragmatic Competence………………….. 5

b.

Principle of Pragmatic……………….….. 6

2. Interlanguage Pragmatics…………………… 7
3. Speech act ……………..…………………… 9
a. Classification of Speech act……………. 9
b. Directive ...............................................

10

c. Politeness…………………….………… 12
B.

Previous Study…………………………………. .. 21

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research……………………………….

31

B. Object of the Study……………………………...

31

C. Data and Data Source…………………………..

31

D. Technique of Collecting Data…………………… 31
E. Technique of Analyzing Data…………………… 33
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A.

B.

Research finding………………………………… 34
1.

The Syntactical Form of Directive Utterance… 34

2.

Politeness in Directive Utterance ……………. 64

Discussion……………………………………….. 90
1. Syntactical form……………………………..

90

2. The Realization of Politeness Strategies……..

92

3. Syntactical form and Politeness connection….. 95

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CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A.

Conclusion………………………………………….103

B.

Suggestion………………………………………….105

BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………… ............................. 107
APPENDIX…………………………………………… ............................ 111

xiii
 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

IN : Interrogative
IM : Imperative
DE : Declarative
EX : Exclamatory

xiv
 

LIST OF TABLE

TABLE
4.1 Specification of the Scenario ……………………………… 64
4.2 List of Syntactical form Percentage………………………. 90
4.3 List of Politeness Strategies Percentage………………….. 92
4.4 Syntactical form and Politeness Strategies relationship … 96
4.5 Relation Ling Form, Politeness and Rank of imposition ... 98

xv
 

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Data of the Research………………………………….…

xvi
 

111