Research Method RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher presents a rationale for the methods of the research and analysis. This chapter discusses: A research method, B research setting, C research participantssubjects, D instrument and data gathering technique, E data analysis technique, and F research procedure.

A. Research Method

Based on the background and the research problem, the researcher will conduct a Research and Development research. Research and Development RD is also called research and technical development or research and technological development. Research and Development is one of the means by which business can experience future growth by developing new products or processes to improve and expand their operations. This research strategy consists of a cycle, in which a version of the product is developed, field tested, and revised Borg Gall, 1983:771. The goal of this study is to take the knowledge of the research and to use it as a product. In this case, the RD is used in education field so that the new product developed by the research will be a set of learning material. There are five steps to be used in this research according to RD cycle Borg Gall, 1983: 774-775: research and information collecting, planning and developing product, preliminary testing, revision and field testing. 31 Research and Information was the first step in RD. In this step, the researcher looked for the information related to the literature and need a researchsurvey conducted to obtain learners’ need and characteristics. The researcher conducted interviews to the students and the teacher, distributed the questionnaire to the students and also did the class observation for the need survey. The second step was Planning and Developing product. The researcher prepared all the material needed and everything related to the development of the new product. The researcher also made the design in order to make a new set of materials. In the process of designing the new set of materials, the researcher looke d for the references of materials from the students’ hand book, internet, and also from another book related to the topic designed. The third was Preliminary testing. In this step, the researcher used questionnaire to obtain the opinion from those who expert in English teaching materials design. The experts who validated the design were one of the lecturer from Sanata Dharma University and two English teachers from SMP PL Bintang Laut. The researcher got the feedbacks from this step and had to revise it. The fourth step was Revision. The researcher revised the product design based on the feedback from the preliminary testing. This was the last step in this design. The description of the RD cycle was described as followed on the next page. 32 RD Cycle The Researcher’s Model Continue to The Subordinate steps Figure 3.a.1 RD Cycle and the Researcher’s Model Step 1. Research and Information collecting Step 2. Planning and Developing product Step 3. Preliminary testing Step 4. Revision Step 1. Conducting diagnosis of needs Step 2. Identifying Goals, Topics, and General Purposes Step 3. Formulation of Objectives Step 4. Selection of Content Step 5. Selecting teaching learning activitiesdesigning the materials Step 6. Selecting equipment Step 7. Determining What to Evaluate, the Ways and Means of Doing the Evaluation Step 8. Revising the Designed Materials 33

B. Research Setting