extremely delightful, 2 CS: last month I had a school holiday, and 3
CS: and a half hour from the parking lot bicycle
2. Syntactical Error
A syntactic is a set of words andor phrase in a language which share a significant number of common characteristics. In this case, a
syntactic level includes the use of tense, the use of preposition, word order, the use of to be, the use of pronoun, the use of noun, the use of
subject, the use of object, the use of modal and the use of conjuction.
a. The Use of Tense
In this case the students make errors on omission of verb and
misuse of verb in past tense 1
Omission of Verb
Verb is one of important part of speech in a sentence. It usually occurs after a subject. In this case, students omit to use
verb in hisher sentence. Such as in sentence 1 ES: we also ....market , and 2 ES: After in home we..... rest. In first
sentence, student wants to make a sentence “aku juga pergi ke
pasar ”, but heshe omits to use verb “pergi” or in English
“went”. Meanwhile, in second sentence, student wants to make a sentence “setelah sampai dirumah, kami beristirahat”, but
heshe omits to use verb “took”. So the correct sentences are 1 CS: We also went to market,
and 2 CS: After in home we took a rest.
3. Dicourse Error
The discourse errors relate to the way sentences are organized and linked in order to make whole text. The students often made error in their
generic structure of their written production, it is called discourse error. The students still made discourse error which caused by the lack
knowledge of the generic structure and grammatical in English. From the recount text made by students, the writer finds some discourse level errors
that done by the students
a. Cohesion
Cohesion is the gramatical and lexical linking within a text or sentence that holds a text together and gives it meaning. It is related to
the broader concept of coherence. Cohesion is the connection which results when the intrepetation of a textual element is dependent on
another element in the text. There are many types of cohesion, however, the researcher writes what are she found in this research
only. Research found types of cohesion in reference. The use of pronoun, demonstratives, comparatives and definite
article indicate the semantic identify of an item with another. Possessive pronoun in English refers to the processor and not to the
thing possessed, such as my, your, hisherits, our, and their. Possessive pronoun usually followed by noun, such as in example 1
ES: Upon waking I immediately smoothed the bed and then I sweep and then wash clothes. On new
year‟s eve, I saw the fireworks outside the house with his brother while bersendau joke. In this case, student
use subject pronoun namely “I” in first sentence but heshe uses possessive pronoun “his”. It should use possessive pronoun “my”. The
error occurs because the student confuses to use possessive pronoun
correctly. So, the correct sentence is 1 CS: Upon waking I immediately smoothed the bed and then I sweep and then wash
clothes. On new year’s eve, I saw the fireworks outside the house
with my brother while bersendau joke
After classifiying the data based on erroneous sentences made by the secong year student of SMP Negeri 1 Japah in academic year 20132014, the
writer will count the frequencies of error in each type in order to know the percentage of errors, dominant of errors and the sources of error appeared in the
s tudent‟s writing product.
Types of Errors No
Linguistic level
Type of Errors Number
of Errors Frequency
of Error I
Lexical level Wrong spelling
73 14,45
Kategori