Content words Noun INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH FLASHCARD FOR YOUNG LEARNERS IN LITTLE ELEPHANT KINDERGARTEN SCHOOL

3. Proper noun is the name of some particular person, place, or thing. A proper noun always begins with a capital letter, for example: Mr. John Smith, Paris, Dutchman, Thanksgiving Day. As in: 1 Mr. Smith is an English lecture in my college, 2 Paris is the capital city of French, 3 My parents celebrate Thanksgiving Day of my younger sister. 4. Countable noun count noun is noun with both a singular or plural form, and it names anything or anyone that can count. For example: chair, table, and book. As in: 1 This class has 5 red chairs, 2 The only table in my room is green, 3 She brings 3 books from the library. 5. Non countable noun is a noun which does not have a plural form and which refers to something that could not count as usual. A non-countable noun always takes a singular verb in sentence. The examples of non countable noun sugar, sand such as in: 1 I need some sugar for a cup of my tea, 2 My brother makes a sand palace in a beach. 6. Collective noun is the name of group of person, things, or animals taken together and spoken of as one whole. The examples of collective noun committee, class, crew such as in: 1 The school committee held a meeting today, 2 This class is so dirty of plastic rubbish, 3 The Trans TV crew celebrate their TV’s birthday. Based on the types of noun above, the researcher chose concrete noun to be the nouns that are tested by using flashcard. The researcher assumed that it was appropriate for kindergarten students since they are easily understand to learn the new words that the words are related to their daily life.

2.5. Teaching Vocabulary

In language learning, vocabulary becomes the most important things to be improved when the learners want to be success in using the language skills. When the students have a lot of vocabulary they will have many ways to express their ideas. Vocabulary should be learned and skills should be practiced. Kriedler 1963 states that in modern method of language teaching, vocabulary learning no longer consist of memorizing of list of words in isolation, but words are usually introduced in a meaningful context and practiced in appropriate sentence pattern. It is important that when the teacher teaches vocabulary heshe should make the students understand not only the meaning of vocabulary itself, but also how to use it in appropriate sentences. Rivers 1970:462 says that it would be impossible to learn a language without learning its vocabulary. It suggests that vocabulary has very important role in learning a language. Therefore, in order to help students master a new language, they have to master an adequate number of vocabularies in other words, we can say that the quality of the language performance of the student may depend on the quality and the quantity of the