Types of Game
2. Types of Game
It is explained in Games for Language Learning book that there are four types of games. They are class games, individual games, pair-
work games, and group-work games. 45 It means that is especial value in ensuring that every learner has optimum opportunity for oral practice in
using language and it also make student can interact each other.
According to Hadfield divided games into two kinds, they are:
44 Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching. London: Longman. 1991, p.101.
45 Andrew Wright, at al., Games for Language Learning, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984, p.3.
a. Competitive games, in which players or teams race to be the first to reach the goal.
b. Co-operative games, in which players or teams work together towards a common goal. 46
From the explanation above, it can be assumed that games can be played by one person or more that players who they have to be winner or reach the goal as quick as well. Then, games also can be played by teams, group-work, individual, and pair-work, so that they have to competitive each other.
Games usually use variety of techniques which are important in language teaching. The simplest games are shorting, ordering or arranging games. These are usually played in pairs or small groups.
According to Hadfield, there are eight types of game as follow: 47
a. Guessing games are familiar variant of games. The player with the information deliberately with holds it, while others guess what it might be.
b. Search games are another variant, involving the whole class. In those games, everyone in the class has one piece of information players must all or a large amount of the information available to fill in a chart or picture or to solve a problem.
46 Jill Hadfield, Advanced Communication Games, Longman: Nelson and Son Ltd, 1987, p. iii.
47 Jill Hadfield, Intermediate Vocabulary Games, London: Pearson Education Limited, 1999, p. 5.
c. Matching games are based on a different principle, but they also involve a transfer or information. These involve matching corresponding pairs of cards of pictures, and may be played as whole class activity.
d. Labeling games involve matching labels to items in pictures.
e. Exchanging games are based on the “barter” principle. Players have certain article, cards or ideas which they wish to exchange for other. The aim of game is to make an exchange which is satisfactory to both sides.
f. Role play games are given the name and some characteristics of a fictional character.
g. Board games and card games are familiar game types, where the aim is to be the first round the board, or to collect the most cards, or to get rid of the cards and squares on the board are used stimulus to provoke a communication exchange.
From the types of game, word-search puzzle is one of search games. In this game, everyone in the class has one piece of information players must all or a large amount of the information available to fill in a chart or picture or to solve a problem. It can be played by groups or one by one.