2 be created with a number of manufacturing processes, which make it a crucial property
to be examined attentively. Various techniques have been developed to measure the hardness of materials using indenters and geometries, such as Brinell, Vickers and
Rockwell. However, the resistance to the indentation is depends on the shape of indenter and the load applied.
1.2 Objective
There will be two objectives that will be executed, which are: a
The following parameters will be examined to determine the material property of hardness; depth of cut, the type of material and, feed rate.
b Analysis of the relationships of the parameters and the hardness property will
then analyse by using MINITAB.
1.3 Scope of study
The study will determined the effect of depth of cut, type of the material used and feed of grinding machine to the hardness of workpiece. These are the variable that most effect
to the results of the hardness. Basically, there are 16 samples of workpieces that has been machined by using surface grinding machine. These workpieces chose are made of
low carbon steel AISI 1020 and medium carbon steel AISI 1045. The experiment was done by controlling the surface grinder factors; depth of cut, feed rate and type of
material being grinded. After they were grinded, a Hardness Test machine used to check the hardness of the workpiece, to see if there any changes to the hardness of the material
property. The testing that has been done is using the Brinell method because it has easier
3 application and more accurate. Then, the data collected, which are the Hardness test
result, which analyzed to produce the outcome by using MINITAB software.
With MINITAB, this research applies the fractional factorial experimentation approach to study the hardness property, which results from the surface grinding machines.
Analysis will be done to examine the impact of factors affected the hardness. This indicates by graphs and table that will be done during finding stage, therefore, a
discussion can be done by using the graph and chart produced and lastly, a conclusion can be approach later.
1.4 Flow Chart
This flowchart is the flow of how this project is done. It is briefly show how the flow of the project. Firstly, it started by analyzing the main cause of this study need. Then, it
has been drafted and sent for proposal. Once approved, the study proceeds and finally, the main factors are listed and a design for the experiment planned. The design is a
fractional factorial, which by preparing tables of design. After that, the machining process started and the results, which are the hardness test results analyzed and the exact
conclusion can be obtained.
4
Figure 1.1: Flowchart of process flow
Project evaluated
Draft project
Project proposal
Study has been carried out
List the factors
Design of experiment
Machining process
Analysis Hardness Test result
Conclusion obtain Yes
No
5
1.5 Report organization
