27 From literature review, it was found that monitoring the water pollution needs a system to
be implemented. To achieve the goals Spatial Decision Support System will be developed and used.
3.2 User Identification
User identification analysis is needed for defining the specific target and appropriate information. This should be done for designing the system. There are four categories of
users: 1 Central Government KMLH as a decision maker needs information of industrial
profile and its pollution status . 2 Local Government Pemda in order to release of industrial license and permitting
3 Environmental Agency BPLHD in order to make good planning and monitoring of environmental sectors.
4 Industry in order to support regular data of industrial waste water and to get information of water quality status.
5 Public in order to know the industrial and river pollutions status
3.3 Data Collection Method
Data collecting will be done according to data need analysis going through to make
listing of data which is suitable to level of need, especially kind of data which is support to constructing database system. Data collecting only secondary data type, where it’s resource
from institutiondepartment related to environmental aspects, and also from the existing environmental studyreport.
28
Figure 9. Stage of System Development
Figure 10. Stage of Database
Structuring
3.4 Time Location
This research will be conducted from March to August 2006 at Bogor Agricultural University. The location of study is Upper Citarum River Basin, West Java – Indonesia.
Geographically, it is located at 6 44’ 36”– 7
14’ 30” South Latitude and 107 21’ 35” –
107 50’ 54” East Longitude. This area has 3 districtsregions, 61 sub districts and 474
villages. The location of study can be shown as figure below.
29
Figure 11 . Research Location
3.5 Database
Database design involved defining how graphic will be symbolized e.g. color, size, symbols, etc, how graphic files will be structured, how non graphic attribute files will be
structured, what is the active layer, in what scale shall the layers expose, how GIS products will be presented e.g. map sheet layouts report format etc, and what management and
security restriction will be imposed on file access. Database design proceeds through the steps illustrated in figure below:
Figure 12 . Database Design Step
30 In this research, there are two typical of sub system: non-spatial and spatial sub
system: 1 Database Sub System Non spatial:
a. Program Interfacing: Visual Basic 6.0 b. Database: MS Access 2000
c. Crystal Report Ver. 9.0 d. Database Structure: according to need assessment result
e. Base lineReference: Government Regulations. f. Kind of Data: Administration, Industry Profile, water quality measurement River
Effluent 2 Spatial Sub System:
a. Map Object, ArcView 3.3, ERMapper b. Base map Prototype: Digital Base Map Bakosurtanal, scale: 1 : 25.000 year 2000
c. Landsat Imagery for really land viewing, as soon as possible and depend on requirement
There are three main activities of the database system design with the following activities Rao, 1993:
1 Conceptual design: identify data content, describe data, define features and entities, list attributes and characteristics of each entity.
2 Logical design: converting the conceptual design to the logical design of the GIS database, include logical process modeling and logical data modeling.
3 Physical design: design of the DSS application system. It describes the actual software and hardware application, including how data is processed and organized on a particular
type of machine. Database development is focused on two categories, spatial and non spatial data that
refers to the database design and developed by using hybrid system approach Figure 13.
31 Hybrid architecture manages geospatial data independently and in different software
module from the non-spatial data Worboys and Duckham, 2004. Spatial and non-spatial data in the designed industry and river database have to be linked up for better analysis and
visualization of desired output. The link is provided by interface with connectivity function to other related database. Non-spatial database will be designed in MS Access and link up
with the spatial data through ActiveX Data Object ADO. ADO is familiar to database programmers using Microsoft Visual Basic.
Figure 13 . Hybrid system design
3.6 Graphical User interface
