CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
In this chaper, I present the procedures and research steps to solve the research problem. It is divided into five subchapters which are 1 Research Design, 2
Subject of the Study, 3 Research Procedures, 4 Instruments of the Study, and 5 Method of Data Analysis.
3.1 Research Design
This study is an action research which concerns with the implementation of clustering technique as medi
a to explore the students‟ ideas in writing a descriptive text. Isaac and Michael 1980:27 state that
“The purpose of action research is to develop new skills or new approaches and to solve problems with
direct application to the classroom or working world setting ”.
According to Arikunto 2009:58, “Classroom action research is an action
research which is carried out at the classroom aimed to improve learning practice quality
”. Kemis and McTaggart in Nunan 1992:18 make statement that:
Action research is a piece of descriptive research carried out by a teacher in his or her own classroom, without the involvement of others, which is
aimed at increasing our understanding rather than changing the phenomenon under investigation. The essential impetus for carrying out
action research is to change the system.
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In other words, action research is first and foremost situation, being concerned with the identification and solution of problems in a specific context
Cohen and Mannion, 1992:18. From the statement above, I draw the inference that action research is used to identify and to solve those problems in certain
procedure. Action research is a sequence research activity, that has purpose to improve social quality, that is done by collecting data or information
systematically through four steps: planning, acting, observing and reflecting. According to Kunandar 2008:45, there are three elements in classroom
action research. Those are: 1
Research is an activity to improve an object by using an appropriate methodology rules for getting data and information and then analyze to solve
the problem. 2
Acting is an activity that is done for certain purpose, in cycle sequence from activity.
3 Class is group of students when at the same time, receive same lesson from
their teacher. Based on the definition above the implementation of classroom action
research is enable to give improvement of the quality of teaching and learning of scool in education since it can diagnose and solve the problem in teaching
learning activity.
3.2 Subject of the Study
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