times or it equals to 1.6. Then, the total of the errors are 44 errors or equal to 9.
Table 9 The Frequency of Error in Verb to Adjective Derivation
Category Affixation
Test Number
Frequency of Error Percentage
Verb to Adjective
Derivation -able
4 14
2.9 -ive
12 2
0.4 -y
17 17
3.5 -able
45 3
0.6 -ive
47 8
1.6
Total 44
9 Noun to verb derivation. The eight most frequent errors is Noun to Noun
Derivation and the error frequency is written on the following table. There are nine errors on derivational suffix
–en or it is equal to 1.8, 7 errors or 1.4 happened to prefix en- and derivational suffix
–ify, 2 errors or 0.4 occurred on derivational suffix
–ize, and 3 errors from derivational suffix –ate. The accumulation of the error frequency on Noun to Verb Derivation is 28 errors or
5.7. The data is showed on the following table. Table 10
The Frequency of Error in Noun to Verb Derivation
Category Affixation
Test Number
Frequency of Error Percentage
Noun to Verb
Derivation -ize
2 2
0.4 en-
26 7
1.4 -en
36 9
1.8 -ify
33 7
1.4 -ate
23 3
0.6
Total 28
5.7 Verb to noun derivation. The second least frequent error is from Verb to
Noun Derivation. There are 14 errors from derivational suffix –al, 6 errors from
derivational suffix –ion, and 5 errors from derivational suffix –ment. There is
equal number from derivational suffix –er and –ance with 1 error or it is equal to
0.2. The two suffixes are the least frequent of error. The total error is 27 errors or it is the same as 5.52.
Table 11 The Frequency of Error in Verb to Noun Derivation
Category Affixation
Test Number
Frequency of Error Percentage
Verb to Noun
Derivation -ion
25 6
1.2 -al
48 14
2.9 -er
40 1
0.2 -ment
30 5
1 -ance
1 1
0.2
Total 27
5.52 Noun to adjective derivation. This part is the least frequent error with the
22 errors or it is equal to 4.5. There are 8 errors or 1.6 happened to derivational suffix
–ful, 1.4 or 7 errors occurred on derivational suffix –al, 3 errors or 0.6 happened to derivational suffix
–ous, There are equal number from derivational suffix
–ive and –able with 2 errors or it is equal to 0.4. These numbers are also the least frequent error of each test. The following table is the
table of this explanation. Table 12
The Frequency of Error in Noun to Adjective Derivation
Category Affixation
Test Number
Frequency of Error Percentage
Noun to Adjective
Derivation -ive
6 2
0.4 -ous
19 3
0.6 -able
5 2
0.4 -ful
20 8
1.6 -al
22 7
1.4
Total 22
4.5
In conclusion, the participants committed errors in using derivation in all ten kinds of derivations. In addition, the result showed that the most frequent error
committed by the students is Adjective to Noun Derivation and the least frequent error happened to Noun to Adjective Derivation. Based on the result above, the
participants committed errors in all kinds of Derivation with the total 32.6 of whole items of the test. The participants made error consistently in the certain
affixation such as –ory, -en, pre-, and un-. However, they can also successfully
use some certain affixation on derivational suffix –er and –ance.
Chapter Five Conclusion, Implications, and Recommendations
This chapter presented the last part of the research that consisted of conclusion, implication, and recommendation. The researcher summarized the
result of the research on the conclusion. The researcher also gave the implication of the research and recommended some points to some parties.
Conclusion
Based on the result, the researcher found errors on all ten kinds of derivation. Therefore, the researcher listed from the highest frequent error to the
lowest frequent error as follow: adjective to noun derivation 76 times or 15.5, adjective to verb derivation 67 times or 13.7, verb to verb derivation 63 times
or 12.9, noun to noun derivation 59 times or 12.1, adjective to adjective derivation 53 times 10.8, adjective to adverb derivation 50 times or 10.2,
verb to adjective derivation 44 times or 9, noun to verb derivation 28 times or 5.73, verb to noun derivation 27 times or 5.52, and noun to adjective
derivation 22 times or 4.5. The total of all errors are 489 times occurrence 32.6. Based on the result, this research has answered the research question
which is aimed to find out what kinds of students‟ error in using derivation.
Implications
Based on the result of the research, the students made error on all ten kinds of derivation. The research result implied that most of the students still have
difficulties in using the ten kinds of derivation properly and the most frequent is adjective to noun derivation which imply that the students did not familiarize this
part of derivation or it is the most difficult to understand. However, there are some students who can also use derivation appropriately. As the researcher mentioned
on the background of the research, students might still be confused to recognize each kinds of derivation.
Recommendations
The researcher offered some recommendations at least for three parties namely lecturers, students, and other researchers.
Lecturers
. The lecturers should give more attention to the students‟ mastery on teaching kinds of derivation whether the students have mastered
derivation or not. Besides, the lecturers should give more exercises, workbook, and quizzes to the students in order to make them familiar with derivation topic.
In addition, the lecturers should check the students‟ mastery regularly. They also can extend discussion on derivation in order to give longer opportunity to the
students to learn derivation in the classroom.
Students. Students should develop the derivation mastery since derivation
is very important in forming words by reading more books on morphology especially on derivation topic and other sources. Besides reading, the students
should have more exercises to use derivation in order to familiarize them with it. Students should also pay more attention on derivation topic since the research
result showed that it is not easy to form new words using derivation for some students.
Other researchers. The researcher merely investigated the kinds of
derivation error committed by the students. The researcher recommends to other
researchers who are interested in investigating this topic to find the sources of error that students faced and why the students committed the error. Moreover, the
researcher could do an experimental research and apply another research method such as qualitative or mix-method one.
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Appendices Appendix 1: Test Instrument
Instrumen Penelitian
Saat ini saya sedang melakukan penelitian dalam rangka penyusunan
skripsi yang berjudul “An Error Analysis on the Use of Derivation at English Education Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Batch
2012 ”. Dengan ini saya mohon bantuan saudarasaudari untuk mengerjakan tes di
bawah ini. Di bawah ini adalah tes tentang derivation perubahan kata. Jawablah pertanyaan di bawah ini sesuai dengan pengetahuan Anda tentang derivation dan
kata yang dicetak dengan huruf kapital adalah kata dasar sebagai kata kunci. Identitas responden:
Nama
: NIM
: Kelas
:
Petunjuk: Pilihlah jawaban A, B, C, atau D sesuai dengan bentuk derivation perubahan kata yang benar.
Contoh: An EXPLODE . . . device was found at one of Londons busiest stations this
morning.
a. explode b. explosion
c. explosive
