2.2.1.1 The Importance of Writing
Writing is beneficial in human’s life. As a language skill, it helps people to express
idea by writing the idea so that heshe can share hisher idea to other people. As a result, it plays as a source of knowledge and information for other people, such as
newspapers, magazines, books and so on. Definitely, writing gives important contribution to human’s life. Hyland 2002:1 states that
“Writing has been a central topic in applied linguistics for over half a century and remains an area of lively intellectual research
and debate….. Writing is central to our personal experience and social identities, and we
are often evaluated by our control of it. The various purposes of writing, then, the increased complexity of its contexts of use and the diverse
backgrounds and needs of those wishing to learn it, all push the study of
writing into wider frameworks of analysis and understanding.”
2.2.1.2 Types of Writing
According to Finnochiaro 1974:86 writing falls into types, i.e.: 1
Practical or factual writing Practical or factual writing deals with a piece of writing related to facts.
2 Creative or imaginative writing
This type of writing usually exists in literary work like novels, short stories, poems and so on.
While according to Brown 2004:220, writing falls into types. Those are: 1
Imitative Imitative writing includes the ability to spell correctly and to perceive phoneme-
grapheme correspondences in English spelling system. It is a level in which learners are trying to master the mechanics of writing. At this stage form is the
primarily if not exclusive focus, while context and meanings are of secondary concern.
2 Intensive
It requires the writer to produce appropriate vocabulary within context, collocations and idioms, and correct grammatical features up to the length of a
sentence. Meaning and context are some of importance in determining correctness and appropriateness, but most assessment are more concerned with a
focus form. 3
Responsive It demands the writer to connect sentence into paragraphs and creating a logically
connected sequence of two or three paragraphs. Form-focused attention is mostly at the discourse level with a strong emphasis on context and meaning.
4 Extensive
It implies successful management of all the process and strategies of writing for all purposes. The focus is on achieving a purpose, organizing and developing
ideas logically, using details to support or illustrate ideas, demonstrating syntactic and lexical variety.
2.2.1.3 Process Writing