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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type
According to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:310 narrative and textual description of the phenomena under study is produced by qualitative research.
They also add that the purpose of qualitative research is more descriptive than predictive since the goal of qualitative research is to understand the point of view
of research participant deeply Vanderstoep and Johnston, 2009:167. By this regard, the qualitative method was applied in this research as the purpose of this
research was to describe as well as to understand the findings of the phenomena of politeness features of criticism deeply. Furthermore, this research was also
supported by quantitative data in which the researcher used numbers and frequency of the data occurrences in order to deepen the qualitative interpretation.
As stated by Creswell 2009:204-205, by incorporating both qualitative and quantitative approach, it can broaden understanding of the research problems.
Therefore, by employing quantitative data as a supporting element, the researcher can gain a better understanding of the findings of the research.
B. Forms, Contexts, and Source of Data
The data in this research were in the form of utterances containing criticism employed by characters in This Means War movie and the contexts of
the data were the dialogues among the characters which contain criticism. The source of the data was divided into two, i.e. primary and secondary sources. The
primary source of this research was a movie entitled This Means War. The secondary source of the data of this research was the dialogue transcript of This
Means War movie downloaded from httpwww.springfieldspringfield.co.uk movie_script.php?movie=this-means-war.
C. Research Instrument
According to Lincoln and Guba in Vanderstoep and Johnston, 2009:188 human is the best instrument for a qualitative analysis. As this research used
qualitative method, the main and primary instrument of the research was the researcher herself. Further, as the main instrument, the researcher had the role of
planning, collecting, analyzing and reporting the research findings. The secondary instrument of this research was a data sheet which was used
to note the linguistic phenomena found in the form of utterances which contain criticism spoken by the characters in This Means War movie. The model of data
sheet is shown as follows.
Table 4. Sample Data Sheet of Politeness Features of Criticism in This Means War Movie
N o
Data Types
of Politeness
Strategy Types of Politeness
Principle Factors
Explanation
B R
P P
N P
O R
T M
G M
A M
M M
A g.
M S
M P
O CI
S D
R P
R I
1 O
R T
Collins : Six men in the morgue. A
body in the middle of street.
FDR : Yeah, but to be fair, we did
manage to… √ √
√ √ Collins indirectly criticizes
FDR and Tuck’s careless action using off record
strategy. She decides to save their face by giving
association clue of what happened
after their
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