24 h. With decades, or groups of years:
She grew up in the seventies. Grease was released in the eighties.
C. EXCEPTIONS TO USING THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
The definite article is not used: a. With names of countries if singular.
Germany is an important economic power. Hes just returned from Egypt.
But: The woman has lived in the United States for 25 years.
b. With the names of languages French is spoken in Tahiti.
English uses many words of Latin origin.
c. With the names of meals. I usually have salad for dinner.
He always skips breakfast on Sunday.
d. With peoples names if singular: John is the bread winner in his family.
The winner of the competition is Dian. But: were having lunch with the Morgans tomorrow.
e. With titles and names: Prince Charles is Queen Elizabeths son.
President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. But: The Queen of England is Elizabeth II.
f. After the s possessive case:
25 He drove his brothers car.
We are invited to Elke’s wedding party.
g. With professions: Engineering is a useful career.
Hell probably go into medicine.
h. With years: Susi Susanti won the gold medal in 1992.
1997 was a wonderful year.
i. With uncountable nouns: Rice is the main food in Asia.
Milk is often added to tea in England.
j. With plural countable nouns used in general sense: Boys don’t cry
Students in Indonesia learn English at school.
k. With the names of individual mountains, lakes and islands: Mount McKinley is the highest mountain in Alaska.
She lives near Lake Toba.
l. With most names of towns, streets, stations and airports: She lives in Bandung.
Theyre flying from Polonia.
m. In some fixed expressions, for example: By car
By train By air
At school At work
At university
26 On foot
On holiday On air in broadcasting
In church In prison
In bed
My niece goes to school on foot. My aunt picks her children up by car after school.
27
V. ADJECTIVES
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.
The man in the corner is reading an R. L. Stine’s novel. What book are you reading?
Many people believe that workers in Indonesia are under-paid.
1. TYPES OF ADJECTIVE
A. DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES
A descriptive adjective tells something about the nature of the noun they modify. It describes feeling, quality, origin, age, size, colour, shape, condition, material, and
the like. The widower is a lonely man.
They are honest people Pierre is French
The new president of the United States is a young man. Paul wore a red shirt.
B. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
A possessive adjective is similar or identical to a possessive pronoun; however, it is used as an adjective and modifies a noun or a noun phrase. The possessive adjectives
are my, your, his, her, its, our, your, and their. That is his book and this is mine.
She will lend me her book if I lend her my dictionary. They had submitted their final paper.
C. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES
The demonstrative adjectives this, these, that, and those are identical to the demonstrative pronouns, but are used as adjectives to modify nouns or noun phrases.
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