Identification of the Problem

4

1.5 Method of the Study

The researcher takes the short story The Nightingale and the Rose. This short story is one of the collections of short story which is written by Oscar Wilde 1988. In collecting the data, the researcher applies observational method, non-participatory observational technique, and note taking technique which is presented by Sudaryanto 1993: 133-135. The researcher collects the data through library research. Then the researcher notes the data contain figurative language, especially simile, metaphor, personification, irony, and hyperbole in the corpus. Furthermore, after collecting the data, the researcher analyzes the data by classifying the types of figurative language appearing in the short story based on the theory of Rozakis 1995: 29-38. Then, the researcher describes character and characterization by applying the theory of Abrams 1999: 32. The last way is the method of presenting the result of analysis. The researcher combines two methods; they are informal and formal method by Sudaryanto 1993: 145. In informal method, the researcher uses the simple language and in formal method, the researcher uses the symbol to explain the research. 5 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES In this chapter, the researcher explains about the previous studies and the theories related to the study which is being discussed. Firstly, the researcher explains about the three previous studies. Secondly, the researcher discusses about the theory of figurative language, character and characterization, and the last the researcher describes the study of stylistics.

2.1 Review of Previous Studies

The first study is conducted by Pugsley 1990. The purpose of her research is to identify the role of figurative language in advertising from the existing linguistic point of view. She limits the object of the research by discussing metaphor, metonymy, and synecdoche. She also discusses a bit about simile and personification. The data analyzed are 16 advertising in magazines that contain the most relevant aspects to identify figurative language. In analyzing the data, she applies the theory of semantics, stylistics features, and syntactic features. The results of her research is the tropes or figures of speech have an important role in constructing the language in advertisement which the language should be made as attractive as possible to attract the attention of consumers.