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From the mentioned definitions above, there are three conclusions that can be drawn. First, sexism implies negative values rather than positive ones. This is
indicated by the use of lexis like discrimination, demeaning, ignoring, stereotyping and prejudice which are naturally negative in meaning. Second, the
underlying reasons of why sexist practices take place are vague and irrelevant. The last, both women and men are possible victims pertaining to sexism.
However, women are more rampant to be the victims of sexist practices Haque and Kumari, 2004:22
2.3.1 Kinds of Sexism
2.3.1.1 Domestic Violence
Domestic violence, also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse, child abuse or intimate partner violence IPV, can be broadly defined a pattern of
abusive behaviors by one or both partners in an intimate relationship such as marriage,
dating, family, friends or cohabitation. Domestic violence has many forms including physical aggression hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining,
throwing objects, or threats thereof; sexual abuse
; emotional abuse
; controlling or domineering;
intimidation ;
stalking ; passivecovert abuse e.g., neglect; and
economic deprivation. Domestic violence may or may not constitute a
crime ,
depending on local statues, severity and duration of specific acts, and other variables. Alcohol consumption and
mental illness have frequently been
associated with spousal abuse. www.wikipedia.comdomesticviolence
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According to the U.S. Bureau of Justice, women are more likely than men to experience “nonfatal intimate partner violence.” Women are more likely to be
killed by intimate partners; 30 of female homicide victims are estimated to have been killed by intimate partners, as opposed to 5 of male homicide victims.
2.3.1.2 Rape
Rape, also referred to as sexual assault
, is an assault
by a person involving sexual
intercourse with or without sexual penetration of another person without that
persons consent
. Though definitions vary, rape is defined in most jurisdictions as sexual intercourse
, or other forms of sexual penetration, by one person the accused or the perpetrator with or against another person the victim
without the consent
of the victim. The term sexual assault
is closely related to rape. Some jurisdictions define rape to cover only acts involving
penile penetration of the
vagina , treating all other types of non-consensual sexual activity
as sexual assault. Analysis of perpetrators of rape against women has been argued to reveal a pattern of hatred of women and pleasure in inflicting psychological
andor physical trauma, rather than sexual interest.
2.3.1.3 Sexism in Education
