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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Locationof theResearch
Thisresearchisconducted atSMAN21Medan, Jln. KramatIndah Medan Denai.
3.2 Methodof theAnalysis
Inwriting this
thesis,Thewriteruses amethodofresearch,namely: descriptivequalitative.Incollecting data,Thewriterusesdescriptivequalitative
methodbygiving thestudents awritten testin themultiple-choiceformand completion teston simplepasttense.
Djajasudarma1993:8statesthatdescriptivequalitativemethod isa
method thatisusedtodescribethedatasystematicallyandaccurately.Thisresearchdoesnot stoponly
incollectingandexaminingthedata,butalsoanalyzingitinordertogeta conclusionaboutthe tenthyearstudents’abilityofSMAN21Medaninusingsimple past tense.
3.3 Populationand Sample
Gay 1987:102says,“Populationisthegoupofinteresttotheresearcher,the grouptowhichsheorhewouldliketheresultofthestudytobegeneralized.”It means that
population is total object or numbers that should be studied in the research.
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The population of this research is the 20142015 tenth year students of SMAN21Medan.Therearesevenclassesaltogetherandeachclassconsistof40
students.So,there are280studentsofthe tenthyear.Realizing that thenumbersare greatenoughandThewriterwillfacesomedifficulties,especially
theenergy,time, andfund,so Thewritersets 25of themfromeach class tobecometherespondents so that
theconclusion ofthattest isaccurate. Arikunto 1993:109 says. “A sampleis a limited number of elements
selectedfromapopulationtoberepresentativeofthatpopulation”.Itmeans thatnot
all thepopulation
toberespondents.So, thewholeoftherespondentsin
thisresearch are70students.Itis25.ThereasonfortakingthisnumberbasedonArikunto’s
idea1993:120saysthatifthepopulationconsistsofalargenumbermorethan 100,thesamplecanbetakenfrom10-15or20-
25ormore,itdependson theabilityoftheresearcherbyconsideringtheirenergy,time,andfunds.Itmeans
that thepercentageof thesample is70
x 100 =25 280
Basedonthequotation above,thesampleusedtorepresent
thepopulation in
thisresearchisadequate.They arenotclassifiedonthebasisoftheirgradeof
intelligence.Therefore,allofthemhavethesameopportunity tobeselectedasthe sample. Inobtaining
thesample,Thewriter usesrandomsampling technique
consideringwhatGay1987:104saysthatrandomsamplingisthebestsinglewayto obtain arepresentativesample. It ispresented by givingthepaper to thestudents.
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ResearchPopulation No
Class Numberofstudents
1. X-1
40 2.
X-2 40
3. X-3
40 4.
X-4 40
5. X-5
40 6.
X-6 40
7. X-7
40
Total 280
3.4 A CaseStudy