8 The psychology approach assimilates efforts and demonstrates a recurrent
pattern. This approach also accommodates a better and deeper understanding in analyzing the character’s behavior, struggle and personality. In this study, the
psychological approach will be applied to analyze how things or people influence personality development of the main character.
2. Character
In literary work, characters have an important role, especially in a novel. To present the story lively, character in a novel must be like actual human beings
in order to make a good story.
a. Definition of Character
Character is one important element in a story. A story commonly focuses on the main problem faced by a character. Robert and Jacobs 1989 say that a
character is a portrait of a human being, with the well and bad behavior p. 49. In a literary work, characters are the people who are presented in a dramatic or
narrative work who are interpreted by the readers from what they say. Characters can be easily remembered by the readers. Deeply, Abrams and Harpham 2012 in
their book A Glossary of Literary Terms define meaning of characters as “The
persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the readers as possessing moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by inferences
from what the persons say and their distinctive ways of saying it-the dialogue-and what from they do-
the action” p. 46. Considering the explanation above, a character in a literary work is a
person who has an identity that it can be seen from what her or she says. A PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
9 character, then, is approximately an imagined human being who capitalizes in a
story. Sometimes, in a good literary work, character will change and develop in a situation Kennedy Gioia, 2010: 78.
b. Kinds of Character
Forster 1974 in Aspects of the Novel divides types of character into two, flat character and round character. Flat character is usually built around a single
idea. It is usually simple and can be looked by a certain aspect. A flat character is usually the minor character in a story. Round character is rather complex than flat
character pp. 46-53. It can be observed by many-angles. This is used to make a surprise to the readers in various ways.
In addition, Henkle 1977 also divides character into two kinds. The first is major character. He says “the major character in the novel perform a key
structural function: upon them we built expectation and desires, in which, in modification, shift or establish our value” p. 92. The major character takes a big
role in expressing and dramatizing of human value from the novel. The second is secondary character. Its function is to establish the context of the novel pp. 94-
95. A secondary character helps the readers to understand the major character and the story.
3. Characterization
