TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER IN TEACHING LISTENING AT THE SECOND YEAR OF SMP NASIONAL KPS BALIKPAPAN
TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER IN
TEACHING LISTENING AT THE SECOND YEAR OF
SMP NASIONAL KPS BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
By :
SAFINA TAMARA
201010100311009
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2016
TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER IN
TEACHING LISTENING AT THE SECOND YEAR OF
SMP NASIONAL KPS BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to fullfil one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By :
SAFINA TAMARA
201010100311009
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2016
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Allah does not burden any human being with more than he can bear. Everyone will
enjoy the credit of his deeds and suffer the debits of evil-doings. The believers say:
“Our Rabb! Do not punish us if we forget or make a mistake. Our Rabb! Do not place
on us a burden that we have no strength to bear. Pardon us, Forgive us, Have mercy
on us. You are our Protector, help us against the unbelievers.”
Qs Al-Baqarah : 286
And seek help throughout patience and prayer, and indeed, it is difficult except for
the humbly submissive [to Allah]
Quran 2:45
Dedication :
I dedicated this thesis to:
My father who always give suggestions
My mother who always sent her prayers
My sister who always help me
My special friend who always supported me
My all family
My all friends
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah SWT, all praise to Allah, the merciful and charitable.
Alhamdulillahi Robbil Alamin I am grateful to the Almighty for establishing me to
complete this thesis. Without supports from other people, this thesis cannot be
finished. The writer would like to express the deepest gratitude to the honorable:
1. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed and Teguh Hadi Saputro, M.A as the advisors for the
unwavering support, guidance, ideas, solutions, and mentorship throughout
this thesis.
2. Dr. Sudiran, M.Hum as the chief of English Department for the invaluable
help in preparing this thesis.
3. Her beloved parents Supraptomo and Sri Murni, also her sister Naura Ahda
Sabilla for the passionate encouragement and sent their prayers every time
made it possible to for the writer to complete this thesis.
4. Her special friend Riyan Hidayatullah, S.H for the support, attention,
patience, suggestions, and valuable time to accompany the writer establishing
this thesis.
5. Her best friends Irma Purnamasari, S.E and Adita Triya Suraya, S.E for the
support, motivate, help, and suggestions to complete this thesis.
6. Her best friends in AA-11 Boarding House Winda Puspita, S.Kom, Niken
Kisdwiyanawati, S.IKom, Miranda Ayu Pusparini, S.IP, Sara Aprinda,
S.IKom for the supports and help to complete this thesis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE
APPROVAL ........................................................................................................ i
LEGALIZATION .............................................................................................. ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................... iii
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION .................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................ 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems ............................................................................. 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................................... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ............................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope and Limitation ..................................................................................... 4
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms .......................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................... 6
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Definition of Teaching .................................................................................. 6
Definition of Listening .................................................................................. 7
Process of Listening ...................................................................................... 9
Teaching Listening Techniques .................................................................. 10
2.4.1 The Lead in Stage .............................................................................. 10
2.4.2 The While Listening Stage ................................................................. 11
2.4.3 The Post Listening Stage ................................................................... 13
2.5 Problems in Teaching Listening ................................................................. 14
2.6 Ways to Overcome the Teaching Listening Problems ................................ 19
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................................... 21
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Research Design .......................................................................................... 21
Subject of the Study .................................................................................... 22
Data Collection ........................................................................................... 22
Research Instruments .................................................................................. 23
Procedure of Data Collection ...................................................................... 26
Data Analysis .............................................................................................. 26
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION .................... 27
4.1 Research Findings ....................................................................................... 27
4.1.1 The Kinds of Technique in Teaching Listening ................................ 27
4.1.2 Problems Faced by the Teacher in Teaching Listening ..................... 33
4.1.3 The Ways to Overcome the Problems in Teaching Listening ........... 34
4.2 Discussions ................................................................................................. 36
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................ 43
5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 43
5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................... 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 46
APPENDIX ....................................................................................................... 48
Appendix I
Observation Result ...................................................................... 48
Appendix II
Interview Transcript .................................................................... 51
Appendix III Example Pictures to Describe Someone ..................................... 53
Appendix IV Fill in the Blank Questions .......................................................... 54
Appendix V
Exercise ....................................................................................... 55
Appendix VI Song Lyric Video ........................................................................ 57
Appendix VII Song Lyrics ................................................................................. 58
Appendix VIII Cover Letter ................................................................................ 60
Appendix IX
License ....................................................................................... 61
Appendix X
Certificate ................................................................................... 62
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Aiyun, Ding. 2006. Teaching Techniques to Improve Chinese Students Listening and
Speaking Competence in English. CELEA Journal (Bimonthly). Volume 29,
No.1.
(Online)
http://www.celea.org.cn/teic/65/65-21.pdf.(accessed
December 17th, 2014).
Annum, Dr. Godfred. 2014. Research Instrument for Data Collection. (Online)
http://campus.educadium.com/newmediart/file.php/1/giilmadstore/UgradRes
earch/ThesisWrit4all/files/notes/resInstr.pdf.(accessed
December
22nd,
2015).
Berg, Bruce L. 2001. Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Science (Fourth
Edition). Boston: A Pearson Education Company.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, Fourth
Edition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles An Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy. New York: Addison Wesley Longman.
De Vaus, David A. 2001. Research Design in Social Research. London: Sage
Publication.
Evaluation Research Team. 2008. Data Collection Methods for Program Evaluation:
Observation.
Evaluation
Briefs
No.
16.
(Online)
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/evaluation/pdf/brief16.pdf.(accessed
August 16th, 2008).
Eskelinen, Irmeli Maunonen. 2007. Formal, Non-Formal, In-Formal Learning.
Developing Teachers’ Evaluation and Assessment Skills. (Online)
http://salpro.salpaus.fi/tes/CDrom/pdf/A1_Salpaus_formal_informal_nonformal_learning.docx.pdf.
(accessed September 5th, 2011).
Harwell, Michael R. 2011. Research Design in Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed
Methods. In C. Conrad & R.C. Serlin (Eds.), The Sage handbook for
research in education: Pursuing ideas as the keystone of exemplary inquiry
(Second Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publisher.
Helgesen, Marc. 2003. "Listening" in Practical English Language Teaching, edited
by David Nunan. New York : McGraw an (Ed)-Hill.
Khuong, Prof. Dr. Luu Quy. 2012. A Study of Difficulties Faced By EFL Teachers in
Teaching Listening at High Schools in Nghe an Province, Vietnam (A Case
Study With Currently Used Textbook “TIENG ANH11”). Vietnam: Danang
University College of Foreign Language.
Kothari, C.R., 2004. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques (Second
Revised Edition). New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.
Kumar, Rajender. 2006. Teaching of English. New Delhi: Lotus Press.
Lestari. 2010. The Study of Teaching Technique in Listening Comprehension in Class
at Second Year of SA Muhammadiyah I Malang. Unpublished Thesis,
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Rajasekar, S., P. Philominatan, V. Chinnathambi. Research Methodology. 2013.
(Online) http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0601009.pdf . (accessed August 18th,
2015).
Rost, Michael. 2002. Teaching and Researching Listening. London, United Kingdom:
Longman.
Saricoban, Arif. 1999. The Teaching of Listening. The Internet TESL Journal.
Volume V, No. 12. (Online) http://iteslj.org/Articles/SaricobanListening.html . (accessed December 6th, 2014).
Tyagi, Babita. 2013. Listening: An Important Skill and Its Various Aspects. The
Criterion An International Journal in English. Issue 12.
(Online)http://www.the-criterion.com/V4/n1/Babita.pdf
.
(accessed
th
December 17 , 2014).
Yagang, Fan. 1994. Listening : Problems and Solution. In Kral, Th (Ed). Teacher
Development, Making the Right Moves. English Language Program
Divisions. Washington D.C: US Information Agency.
Vandergift, Larry. 1999. Facilitating Second Language Listening Comprehension:
Acquiring Successful Strategies. Oxford University Press. ELT Journal.
Volume 53, No. 3. Online http://203.72.145.166/ELT/files/53-3-3.pdf .
(accessed December 5th, 2014).
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter addresses background of the study, statement of the problems,
purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and
definition of the key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
English is a foreign language which has an important part for Indonesian
students to learn. English subject usually can be found in formal education
especially in the school. Further, Indonesian students take an English course as a
non-formal education to learn more or to practice their English.
Eskelinen (2007:3) state :
Formal education is a learning typically provided by an education or training
institution, structured (in terms of objectives, learning time, or learning
support) and leading to certification. Besides, non-formal education is a
learning that is not provided by an education or training institution and
typically does not lead to certification. It is, however, structured (in terms of
learning objectives, learning time or learning support).
In other words, students can get some knowledge about English in the same
way but in the different institution.
In formal education, for instance in school, students are encouraged to learn
English, to make students know and fluent in English. Students also have to reach
a high score of it because their score will be included in the value of certification.
In non-formal education, especially in English course, students learn more or to
add some knowledge about English which is usually not taught by the teacher in
school. It is to train and make them more proficient in English. They do not have
1
to try hard to get a high score because English course usually to trains students to
make them more fluent in English.
At the age of 10-14, children have started to enter a period of study in Junior
High School, when they already have learned the basic lessons in the elementary
school, such as general subjects and additional subjects.
At this time, the process of learning English in Junior High School either in
formal education or non-formal education has been introduced some skills of
English that have to be mastered. There are speaking, listening, reading, and
writing. Every skill has its own goal. To reach the goal, a teacher must have some
interesting techniques which could be used to make students more interested in
studying English and to make them brave to apply their English.
The big problem faced by most of Indonesian students is they might
understand English when they read, but sometimes they do not understand when
they listen something in English, especially when native speaker speaks. Listening
is one of the important skills to study because if they do not understand what
people say, definitely they cannot respond to what the speaker talks about.
Brown (2001) states :
Listening is a psychomotor process of receiving sound waves through the ear
and transmitting nerve impulses to the brain. Listening has an important role
in communication because listening is a way of students understand the
information and it also helps them practice pronounciation correctly.
This theory is coherent with a theory from Vandergrift (1999 : 168), stated :
Listening comprehension is a complex process in which listeners play an
active role in discriminating between sounds, understanding vocabulary and
grammatical structures, interpreting intonation and stress, and making use of
all the skills mentioned above interpreting the utterance within the sociocultural context.
2
The students’ problems in listening comprehension need to be solved by
selecting appropriate techniques. By using an appropriate technique, the learners
will enjoy the class, get the point of the material easily, and be glad to learn
English. The English teacher also has to choose the right techniques to help the
students learn more about listening comprehension.
Lestari (2010) shows 6 kinds of teaching techniques used by the teacher.
Those are question and answer, guessing, whispering,dictation, songs and
identification topic sentences. Further, the students are very concentrated and give
attention toward the techniques that the teacher uses.
Based on the study above, the researcher wants to investigate the teaching
techniques used by the teachers in teaching listening at SMP Nasional KPS
Balikpapan. The title of this research is “A Study of Teaching Techniques Used
by The English Teacher in Teaching Listening at The Second Year of SMP
Nasional KPS Balikpapan.”
1.2 Statement of the Problems
The problems of this study are formulated as follows :
1.
What kinds of teaching techniques does the teacher use in teaching listening
at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan ?
2.
What are the problems faced by the teacher in teaching listening at the second
year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan ?
3.
How does the teacher overcome the problems in teaching listening at the
second year of SMP Nasional KPS ?
3
1.3 Purposes of the Study
Related of the statement problems, the purposes of this study are stated as
follows :
1.
To describe the kinds of teaching techniques used by the teacher in teaching
listening at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
2.
To find the problems that appear faced by the teacher in teaching listening at
the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
3.
To describe the effort to overcome the problems in teaching listening at the
second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
1.4 Significance of the Study
This study is conducted with the expectation that the result will give
significant contribution to English teachers and the students in teaching and
learning process.
For English teachers, this study can give some informations about teaching
techniques in listening to improve students’ ability in listening. In this case,
English teachers can compare and select the appropriate techniques for teaching,
by knowing the strengths and the weaknesses of the techniques.
For students, this study will help the students improve their achievement and
their ability by an appropriate technique. Therefore, they can minimize their
problems in listening comprehension.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
With regard to background of the study, this research is related to the
techniques for teaching listening and the problems faced by the teacher in
4
applying those techniques. The limitation of this study focuses on English teacher
at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
Some key terms used in this study. They are follows :
1.
Teaching is defined as showing or helping someone to learn or to do
something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing
with knowledge, causing to know or understand, (Brown : 2000 ; 7)
2.
Technique is defined as any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks,
used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives, ( Brown :
2000 ; 16 )
3.
Listening is defined as ability to identify and understand what others are
saying which involves understanding the speaker’s accent or pronounciation,
the speaker’s grammar and vocabulary, and grasping the speaker’s meaning,
(Saricoban : 1999)
5
TEACHING LISTENING AT THE SECOND YEAR OF
SMP NASIONAL KPS BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
By :
SAFINA TAMARA
201010100311009
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2016
TEACHING TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER IN
TEACHING LISTENING AT THE SECOND YEAR OF
SMP NASIONAL KPS BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to fullfil one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By :
SAFINA TAMARA
201010100311009
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2016
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Allah does not burden any human being with more than he can bear. Everyone will
enjoy the credit of his deeds and suffer the debits of evil-doings. The believers say:
“Our Rabb! Do not punish us if we forget or make a mistake. Our Rabb! Do not place
on us a burden that we have no strength to bear. Pardon us, Forgive us, Have mercy
on us. You are our Protector, help us against the unbelievers.”
Qs Al-Baqarah : 286
And seek help throughout patience and prayer, and indeed, it is difficult except for
the humbly submissive [to Allah]
Quran 2:45
Dedication :
I dedicated this thesis to:
My father who always give suggestions
My mother who always sent her prayers
My sister who always help me
My special friend who always supported me
My all family
My all friends
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah SWT, all praise to Allah, the merciful and charitable.
Alhamdulillahi Robbil Alamin I am grateful to the Almighty for establishing me to
complete this thesis. Without supports from other people, this thesis cannot be
finished. The writer would like to express the deepest gratitude to the honorable:
1. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed and Teguh Hadi Saputro, M.A as the advisors for the
unwavering support, guidance, ideas, solutions, and mentorship throughout
this thesis.
2. Dr. Sudiran, M.Hum as the chief of English Department for the invaluable
help in preparing this thesis.
3. Her beloved parents Supraptomo and Sri Murni, also her sister Naura Ahda
Sabilla for the passionate encouragement and sent their prayers every time
made it possible to for the writer to complete this thesis.
4. Her special friend Riyan Hidayatullah, S.H for the support, attention,
patience, suggestions, and valuable time to accompany the writer establishing
this thesis.
5. Her best friends Irma Purnamasari, S.E and Adita Triya Suraya, S.E for the
support, motivate, help, and suggestions to complete this thesis.
6. Her best friends in AA-11 Boarding House Winda Puspita, S.Kom, Niken
Kisdwiyanawati, S.IKom, Miranda Ayu Pusparini, S.IP, Sara Aprinda,
S.IKom for the supports and help to complete this thesis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE
APPROVAL ........................................................................................................ i
LEGALIZATION .............................................................................................. ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................... iii
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION .................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................ 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems ............................................................................. 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................................... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ............................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope and Limitation ..................................................................................... 4
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms .......................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................... 6
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Definition of Teaching .................................................................................. 6
Definition of Listening .................................................................................. 7
Process of Listening ...................................................................................... 9
Teaching Listening Techniques .................................................................. 10
2.4.1 The Lead in Stage .............................................................................. 10
2.4.2 The While Listening Stage ................................................................. 11
2.4.3 The Post Listening Stage ................................................................... 13
2.5 Problems in Teaching Listening ................................................................. 14
2.6 Ways to Overcome the Teaching Listening Problems ................................ 19
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................................... 21
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Research Design .......................................................................................... 21
Subject of the Study .................................................................................... 22
Data Collection ........................................................................................... 22
Research Instruments .................................................................................. 23
Procedure of Data Collection ...................................................................... 26
Data Analysis .............................................................................................. 26
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION .................... 27
4.1 Research Findings ....................................................................................... 27
4.1.1 The Kinds of Technique in Teaching Listening ................................ 27
4.1.2 Problems Faced by the Teacher in Teaching Listening ..................... 33
4.1.3 The Ways to Overcome the Problems in Teaching Listening ........... 34
4.2 Discussions ................................................................................................. 36
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................ 43
5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 43
5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................... 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 46
APPENDIX ....................................................................................................... 48
Appendix I
Observation Result ...................................................................... 48
Appendix II
Interview Transcript .................................................................... 51
Appendix III Example Pictures to Describe Someone ..................................... 53
Appendix IV Fill in the Blank Questions .......................................................... 54
Appendix V
Exercise ....................................................................................... 55
Appendix VI Song Lyric Video ........................................................................ 57
Appendix VII Song Lyrics ................................................................................. 58
Appendix VIII Cover Letter ................................................................................ 60
Appendix IX
License ....................................................................................... 61
Appendix X
Certificate ................................................................................... 62
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Aiyun, Ding. 2006. Teaching Techniques to Improve Chinese Students Listening and
Speaking Competence in English. CELEA Journal (Bimonthly). Volume 29,
No.1.
(Online)
http://www.celea.org.cn/teic/65/65-21.pdf.(accessed
December 17th, 2014).
Annum, Dr. Godfred. 2014. Research Instrument for Data Collection. (Online)
http://campus.educadium.com/newmediart/file.php/1/giilmadstore/UgradRes
earch/ThesisWrit4all/files/notes/resInstr.pdf.(accessed
December
22nd,
2015).
Berg, Bruce L. 2001. Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Science (Fourth
Edition). Boston: A Pearson Education Company.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, Fourth
Edition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles An Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy. New York: Addison Wesley Longman.
De Vaus, David A. 2001. Research Design in Social Research. London: Sage
Publication.
Evaluation Research Team. 2008. Data Collection Methods for Program Evaluation:
Observation.
Evaluation
Briefs
No.
16.
(Online)
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/evaluation/pdf/brief16.pdf.(accessed
August 16th, 2008).
Eskelinen, Irmeli Maunonen. 2007. Formal, Non-Formal, In-Formal Learning.
Developing Teachers’ Evaluation and Assessment Skills. (Online)
http://salpro.salpaus.fi/tes/CDrom/pdf/A1_Salpaus_formal_informal_nonformal_learning.docx.pdf.
(accessed September 5th, 2011).
Harwell, Michael R. 2011. Research Design in Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed
Methods. In C. Conrad & R.C. Serlin (Eds.), The Sage handbook for
research in education: Pursuing ideas as the keystone of exemplary inquiry
(Second Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publisher.
Helgesen, Marc. 2003. "Listening" in Practical English Language Teaching, edited
by David Nunan. New York : McGraw an (Ed)-Hill.
Khuong, Prof. Dr. Luu Quy. 2012. A Study of Difficulties Faced By EFL Teachers in
Teaching Listening at High Schools in Nghe an Province, Vietnam (A Case
Study With Currently Used Textbook “TIENG ANH11”). Vietnam: Danang
University College of Foreign Language.
Kothari, C.R., 2004. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques (Second
Revised Edition). New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.
Kumar, Rajender. 2006. Teaching of English. New Delhi: Lotus Press.
Lestari. 2010. The Study of Teaching Technique in Listening Comprehension in Class
at Second Year of SA Muhammadiyah I Malang. Unpublished Thesis,
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Rajasekar, S., P. Philominatan, V. Chinnathambi. Research Methodology. 2013.
(Online) http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0601009.pdf . (accessed August 18th,
2015).
Rost, Michael. 2002. Teaching and Researching Listening. London, United Kingdom:
Longman.
Saricoban, Arif. 1999. The Teaching of Listening. The Internet TESL Journal.
Volume V, No. 12. (Online) http://iteslj.org/Articles/SaricobanListening.html . (accessed December 6th, 2014).
Tyagi, Babita. 2013. Listening: An Important Skill and Its Various Aspects. The
Criterion An International Journal in English. Issue 12.
(Online)http://www.the-criterion.com/V4/n1/Babita.pdf
.
(accessed
th
December 17 , 2014).
Yagang, Fan. 1994. Listening : Problems and Solution. In Kral, Th (Ed). Teacher
Development, Making the Right Moves. English Language Program
Divisions. Washington D.C: US Information Agency.
Vandergift, Larry. 1999. Facilitating Second Language Listening Comprehension:
Acquiring Successful Strategies. Oxford University Press. ELT Journal.
Volume 53, No. 3. Online http://203.72.145.166/ELT/files/53-3-3.pdf .
(accessed December 5th, 2014).
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter addresses background of the study, statement of the problems,
purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and
definition of the key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
English is a foreign language which has an important part for Indonesian
students to learn. English subject usually can be found in formal education
especially in the school. Further, Indonesian students take an English course as a
non-formal education to learn more or to practice their English.
Eskelinen (2007:3) state :
Formal education is a learning typically provided by an education or training
institution, structured (in terms of objectives, learning time, or learning
support) and leading to certification. Besides, non-formal education is a
learning that is not provided by an education or training institution and
typically does not lead to certification. It is, however, structured (in terms of
learning objectives, learning time or learning support).
In other words, students can get some knowledge about English in the same
way but in the different institution.
In formal education, for instance in school, students are encouraged to learn
English, to make students know and fluent in English. Students also have to reach
a high score of it because their score will be included in the value of certification.
In non-formal education, especially in English course, students learn more or to
add some knowledge about English which is usually not taught by the teacher in
school. It is to train and make them more proficient in English. They do not have
1
to try hard to get a high score because English course usually to trains students to
make them more fluent in English.
At the age of 10-14, children have started to enter a period of study in Junior
High School, when they already have learned the basic lessons in the elementary
school, such as general subjects and additional subjects.
At this time, the process of learning English in Junior High School either in
formal education or non-formal education has been introduced some skills of
English that have to be mastered. There are speaking, listening, reading, and
writing. Every skill has its own goal. To reach the goal, a teacher must have some
interesting techniques which could be used to make students more interested in
studying English and to make them brave to apply their English.
The big problem faced by most of Indonesian students is they might
understand English when they read, but sometimes they do not understand when
they listen something in English, especially when native speaker speaks. Listening
is one of the important skills to study because if they do not understand what
people say, definitely they cannot respond to what the speaker talks about.
Brown (2001) states :
Listening is a psychomotor process of receiving sound waves through the ear
and transmitting nerve impulses to the brain. Listening has an important role
in communication because listening is a way of students understand the
information and it also helps them practice pronounciation correctly.
This theory is coherent with a theory from Vandergrift (1999 : 168), stated :
Listening comprehension is a complex process in which listeners play an
active role in discriminating between sounds, understanding vocabulary and
grammatical structures, interpreting intonation and stress, and making use of
all the skills mentioned above interpreting the utterance within the sociocultural context.
2
The students’ problems in listening comprehension need to be solved by
selecting appropriate techniques. By using an appropriate technique, the learners
will enjoy the class, get the point of the material easily, and be glad to learn
English. The English teacher also has to choose the right techniques to help the
students learn more about listening comprehension.
Lestari (2010) shows 6 kinds of teaching techniques used by the teacher.
Those are question and answer, guessing, whispering,dictation, songs and
identification topic sentences. Further, the students are very concentrated and give
attention toward the techniques that the teacher uses.
Based on the study above, the researcher wants to investigate the teaching
techniques used by the teachers in teaching listening at SMP Nasional KPS
Balikpapan. The title of this research is “A Study of Teaching Techniques Used
by The English Teacher in Teaching Listening at The Second Year of SMP
Nasional KPS Balikpapan.”
1.2 Statement of the Problems
The problems of this study are formulated as follows :
1.
What kinds of teaching techniques does the teacher use in teaching listening
at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan ?
2.
What are the problems faced by the teacher in teaching listening at the second
year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan ?
3.
How does the teacher overcome the problems in teaching listening at the
second year of SMP Nasional KPS ?
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1.3 Purposes of the Study
Related of the statement problems, the purposes of this study are stated as
follows :
1.
To describe the kinds of teaching techniques used by the teacher in teaching
listening at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
2.
To find the problems that appear faced by the teacher in teaching listening at
the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
3.
To describe the effort to overcome the problems in teaching listening at the
second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
1.4 Significance of the Study
This study is conducted with the expectation that the result will give
significant contribution to English teachers and the students in teaching and
learning process.
For English teachers, this study can give some informations about teaching
techniques in listening to improve students’ ability in listening. In this case,
English teachers can compare and select the appropriate techniques for teaching,
by knowing the strengths and the weaknesses of the techniques.
For students, this study will help the students improve their achievement and
their ability by an appropriate technique. Therefore, they can minimize their
problems in listening comprehension.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
With regard to background of the study, this research is related to the
techniques for teaching listening and the problems faced by the teacher in
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applying those techniques. The limitation of this study focuses on English teacher
at the second year of SMP Nasional KPS Balikpapan.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
Some key terms used in this study. They are follows :
1.
Teaching is defined as showing or helping someone to learn or to do
something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing
with knowledge, causing to know or understand, (Brown : 2000 ; 7)
2.
Technique is defined as any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or tasks,
used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives, ( Brown :
2000 ; 16 )
3.
Listening is defined as ability to identify and understand what others are
saying which involves understanding the speaker’s accent or pronounciation,
the speaker’s grammar and vocabulary, and grasping the speaker’s meaning,
(Saricoban : 1999)
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