TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06 DAU-MALANG
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
06360185
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
06360185
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Karena sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada
kemudahan, sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada
kemudahan
(QS. Alam Nasyrah [94]: 5-6).
Do what you can, with what you have, where you
are. (Theodore Roosevelt)
Where there is a will, there is a way
and
Nothing to seek, nothing to find
Dedicated to:
My beloved parents
My father (Ode Rasulu),
My mother (Kuddusia),
My lovely brothers,
My lovely sisters,
My lovely nephews.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillahi Rabbil A’lamin, All praise is to Allah S.W.T because of His
bless, merciful, and love, I can accomplish this thesis. Greeting, prayers, and love
are also presented to the beloved prophet Muhammad S.A.W, his family, and
companions who love us deeply.
First of all, I present the greatest gratitude to both of my advisors; Dra.
Thathit Manon Andini M.Hum as my first advisor and Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si as
my second advisor for their great contribution, meaningful guidance, corrections,
suggestions, encouragement, and use full feed back that have inspired me over the
completion of this thesis.
Furthermore, my sincere gratitude goes to all lectures of English
Department who have taught me to be a good English graduation and given much
knowledge which influence my thought about anything. My enormous gratitude is
also extended to the English second grade teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 06
Dau-Malang for his permission, the head master of SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau
Malang and also for all of students in second grade students who gave good
participation in my observation.
My greatest appreciation, moreover, also goes to my beloved parents and
my lovely brothers and sisters for their endless prayer, love, care, financial,
advice, support, and motivation to me everytime from the first time I study at this
university up to the completing of this thesis.
I am also thankful for my close friends Latycha, Madina, Dessi, Reni
“Hujan”, Devi, and Yuan who give me supports and motivation. I am also
thankful for all of my friends not only in class D but also the outside of class D
who also give me supports and motivation.
Finally, I hope that this research very useful for the other researcher for
doing others research related to the technique of teaching vocabulary. Thank you
very much.
Malang, 13 May 2011
Sultriyanti Ode Rasulu
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Approval...................................................................................................... i
Legalization...................................... ............................................................ ii
Motto and Dedication........................... ....................................................... iii
Acknowledgments ....................................................................................... iv
Abstract........................................................................................................... v
Table of Contents................................................................................... ........ vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study......................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems...................................................................... ... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study............................................................................... ... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study........................................................................ ... 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study............................................................. 5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms.......................................................................... .. 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Language Teaching and Learning............................................................ .. 7
2.1.1 Language Teaching….................................................................... .. 7
2.1.2 Language Learning ....................................................................... . 8
2.2 Factors in Teaching and Learning Activity in Classroom.......................... 9
2.2.1 The Teacher’s Role….................................................................... . 9
2.2.2 The Learner’s Role…………………............................................ .. 10
2.2.3 Instructional Materials………....................................................... .. 10
2.3 Teaching and Learning Vocabulary......................................................... ... 11
2.3.1Teaching Vocabulary...................................................................... ... 11
2.3.2 Learning Vocabulary...................................................................... .. 12
2.4 General Procedures of Teaching and Learning Vocabulary............... ........ 13
2.5 Techniques of Teaching and Learning Vocabulary………................ ........ 14
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design......................................................................................... 19
3.2 Research Subject..................................................................................... ... 20
3.3 The Instrument of the Study....................................................................... 20
3.3.1 Observation................................................................................... ... 20
3.3.2 Interview…................................................................................... ... 21
3.4 Data Collection....................................................................................... ... 22
3.5 Data Analysis.......................................................................................... ... 22
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings.................................................................................... .. 24
4.1.1Kinds of Techniques of Teaching Used by the Teacher.................... 24
4.1.1.1 Flashcards and Pictures…….................................................. 25
4.1.1.2 Translation………………………….................................... . 25
4.1.1.3 Games………………........................................................... . 25
4.1.1.4 Guessing the Words............................................................. .. 25
4.1.1.5 Word Formation……........................................................... .. 25
4.1.2 The Ways of Teacher Applied the Techniques
in Teaching Learning Activity..................................................... ... 25
4.1.2.1 Using Flashcards and Pictures Technique........................... .. 26
4.1.2.2 Using Translation Technique............................................... .. 26
4.1.2.3 Using Games Technique...................................................... .. 26
4.1.2.4 Using Guessing Word Technique........................................... 28
4.1.2.5 Using Word Formation Technique…..................................... 29
4.1.3 The Teacher’s Reason of Using the Techniques…....................... ... 29
4.1.3.1 Using Flashcards or Picture Technique............................... .. 29
4.1.3.2 Using Translation Technique............................................... .. 29
4.1.3.3 Using Games Technique....................................................... . 30
4.1.3.4 Using Guessing the Words Technique.................................. . 30
4.1.3.5 Using Word Formation Technique……............................... .. 30
4.2 Discussion................................................................................................ .. 31
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion............................................................................................... .. 33
5.2 Suggestions.............................................................................................. .. 34
REFERENCES
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX II
APPENDIX III
APPENDIX IV
APPENDIX V
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald, et. al. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education: Sixth Edition.
USA: Wadsworth Group.
Bogdan, C.R, and Biklen, K.S. 1992. Qualitative Research for Education. Boston:
Allyn and Bacon.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, 3th
edition. San Francisco State University.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles, an Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy. San Francisco. State University: Addison Wesley
Longman, inc.
English Alvin W.H. 1974. In Leni Ningrum, 2006. The Teaching Techniques in
Mastering Vocabulary in Elementary School in SDN IV Magetan Malang.
Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Ferry, Indah. P. 2007. The Techniques of Teaching vocabulary to the Fourth Grade
Students at SDN Parang Gargo 02 Wagir-Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Freeman, S. Yvionne and Freeman E. Freeman. 1992. Whole Language for
Second Language Learners. Fresno Pacific College: USA.
Hartono. 2009. Bagaimana Menulis Thesis? Malang. UMM Press.
Hikmah, Nurul. 2001. A Study On Techniques and Materials on SDN Lowokwaru
Malang. Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Kasbolah, Kasiani. 1993. Strategi Belajar Mengajar Bahasa Inggris I (teaching
Learning Strategy I). Malang. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Leny, Meilina Ningrum. 2005. The Techniques of Teaching English Vocabulary at
SSLTPN 1 Kedungadem Bojonegoro. Unpublished. Malang: University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
McMillan, H. James, Sally Schumacher. 1992. Research Education, 3rd edition.
New York: Haper Collins College Published.
Multazim, 2005. A Study on Vocabulary Teaching Techniques of the Third Year
Students a SMK Persis Camplong Madura in the Academic Year 20042005. Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Nation, ISP. 1990. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Boston Massachusetts: A
Division of Wardswroth, Inc.
Novi. 2007. Technique of Teaching English in the Fourth Year of Elementary
School Mulyoagung 3 Dau-Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
Muhammadiyah University.
Richards, Jack C and Rodgers, Theodore S. 2001. Approaches and Methods in
Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Setiyadi, Bambang. 2006. Teaching English As A Foreign Language. Yogyakarta.
Graha Ilmu.
Setiana, Ana. 2009. Improving Second Years Students’ Vocabulary by Using
“Matching Games” at MTS Nurul Ulum Gdungan-Malang. Unpublished.
Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Suprayono, Agus. 2005. A Study on Techniques Teaching Vocabulary Used by the
Teacher At SLTP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Thronbury, Schott. 2002. How to Teach Vocabulary. England. Longman: Pearson
Education Limited.
Usman. 1998. Menjadi Guru Profesional. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.
____________ Student. 2011. http://.www.thefreedictionary.com/student
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of the research contains such as background of the study, statement of the
problems, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of
key term. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of The Study
Today, English is very important subjects that must be provided for students to develop
their skill. So, the students have to learn more than just the words. They have to know each word
to develop their understanding the meaning and they have to know the appropriate word of
meaning and context correctly. In that case, the students have to study about vocabulary.
Teacher, as someone or somebody who helps the students know more about English
should understand what techniques will be used in the classroom. Richard (2001:19) states that
technique is a particular trick, strategy, or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate
objective. There are many techniques used by the teacher in teaching English vocabulary. So, the
teacher should choose the most appropriate technique to teach vocabulary especially for junior
high school students who are learning English. Technique of teaching English is one factor that
plays an important role in determining the success of student’s achievement. According to
Brown (2001:16) technique is any of wide variety of exercise, activities, or tasks used in the
language classroom for realizing lesson objective.
Teaching is an activity to help students to develop their skill, attitude, and knowledge.
Brown (2000:7) states that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do
something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge,
causing to know or understand. The students who are learning English should learn about
vocabulary to understand English more. Vocabulary is a total number of words that makes up a
language; vocabulary refers to all words in the whole language or words and phrases used in
particular variety (Nation: 1990).
Based on explanation above, writer knows that technique in teaching vocabulary is
important to help students to increase their achievement in English. Therefore, writer intends to
do a research on techniques of teaching vocabulary used by the second grade teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. The reason of choosing this research is writer believes that
technique in teaching vocabulary is important to support the successful of learning and teaching
process, especially for junior high school that are learning English vocabulary. Agus Suprayono
(2005) investigated that techniques could be employed. The teacher should use interesting
technique such as picture or flashcard and games. Here, showing the picture becomes the first
priority that will motivate students to learn. By applying this technique, the students would get a
pleasure in learning English especially in vocabulary.
In learning a foreign language, vocabulary plays an important role. It is one element that
links the four English skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing. In order to communicate
well in a foreign language, students should acquire and adequate number of words and should
know how to use them accurately. So, teacher should use appropriate techniques in teaching
vocabulary to introduce the new words to the students. According to Napa (1991) in Setiana
(2009) stated that teaching vocabulary is clearly more than just presenting new words. It also
includes a decision that words should teach the basic of how frequent they use by speaker of the
language.
On the other hand, most of students often get difficulties in learning English because they
have low vocabulary and English grammar. It is supported by the previous research that was
conducted by Setiana (2009) in her thesis about improving second year students’ vocabulary by
using matching games at MTS Nurul Ulum Gadungan Malang. She found that the problems
faced by the teacher are caused by vocabulary especially in spelling and pronunciation which has
a different forms, low level of student’s ability in memorizing the words and a small member of
book, and the items of vocabulary that the teacher taught did not appear in UAN. Because of
reason, teacher have to use an appropriate techniques of teaching and learning English especially
vocabulary. The teacher must know the situation and condition in the classroom, and what
techniques are suitable in these situations. Actually, by some of techniques there are not crucial
problems that will be disturb the vocabulary teaching and learning.
SMP Muhammdiyah 06 Dau Malang is chosen because of some reasons; the researcher has
done teaching practice (PPL) and observation there, so she knows the situation and the students
well. Based on the researcher’s observation, the students still have difficulties in English
vocabulary.
Based on the previous explanation, the writer thinks that it is important to conduct the
research on techniques of teaching English vocabulary used by the second grade teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Based on the background of the study above, problems of the study are formulated as
follows:
1. What kinds of techniques are used by the English teacher in teaching vocabulary?
2. How does the English teacher apply the techniques used by the English teacher in
teaching vocabulary?
3. What are the teacher’s reasons of using the techniques in teaching vocabulary?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Accordance with statement of the problems above objectives of study are follows:
1. To know the kinds of techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary.
2. To know the ways of the English teacher applies the techniques in teaching vocabulary.
3. To know what are the teacher’s reasons of using the techniques in teaching vocabulary.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The significance of study is designed to teacher and students. The result of this study is
expected to give contribution, concepts or information for English teachers in term of creating
variation techniques of teaching vocabulary at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau-Malang.
The study also gives significance to students. Though English vocabulary, the students can
increase their motivation in learning English.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study is techniques of teaching vocabulary used by second grade teacher
at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau-Malang and it is limited on the second grade English teacher
and the students.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
The purpose of definition of key term is to make it clear and to avoid misunderstanding on
the concept that is used in this study. The writer would like to present the definition of key terms
as follows:
Technique is any of a wide variety of exercise, activities, or tasks used in the language
-
classroom for realizing lesson objective. (Brown, 2001:16)
Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving
-
instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to
know or understand (Brown, 2000:7).
-
Vocabulary is a total number of words that makes up a language; vocabulary refers to
all words in the whole language or words and phrases used in particular variety
(Nation:1990)
-
Teacher is someone or somebody as the central force who can shape the behavior of the
individual child as well as those of children in groups (Puguh in Novi, 2007).
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
06360185
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY USED BY THE
SECOND GRADE TEACHER AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 06
DAU-MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
SULTRIYANTI ODE RASULU
06360185
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MAY 2011
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Karena sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada
kemudahan, sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada
kemudahan
(QS. Alam Nasyrah [94]: 5-6).
Do what you can, with what you have, where you
are. (Theodore Roosevelt)
Where there is a will, there is a way
and
Nothing to seek, nothing to find
Dedicated to:
My beloved parents
My father (Ode Rasulu),
My mother (Kuddusia),
My lovely brothers,
My lovely sisters,
My lovely nephews.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillahi Rabbil A’lamin, All praise is to Allah S.W.T because of His
bless, merciful, and love, I can accomplish this thesis. Greeting, prayers, and love
are also presented to the beloved prophet Muhammad S.A.W, his family, and
companions who love us deeply.
First of all, I present the greatest gratitude to both of my advisors; Dra.
Thathit Manon Andini M.Hum as my first advisor and Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si as
my second advisor for their great contribution, meaningful guidance, corrections,
suggestions, encouragement, and use full feed back that have inspired me over the
completion of this thesis.
Furthermore, my sincere gratitude goes to all lectures of English
Department who have taught me to be a good English graduation and given much
knowledge which influence my thought about anything. My enormous gratitude is
also extended to the English second grade teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 06
Dau-Malang for his permission, the head master of SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau
Malang and also for all of students in second grade students who gave good
participation in my observation.
My greatest appreciation, moreover, also goes to my beloved parents and
my lovely brothers and sisters for their endless prayer, love, care, financial,
advice, support, and motivation to me everytime from the first time I study at this
university up to the completing of this thesis.
I am also thankful for my close friends Latycha, Madina, Dessi, Reni
“Hujan”, Devi, and Yuan who give me supports and motivation. I am also
thankful for all of my friends not only in class D but also the outside of class D
who also give me supports and motivation.
Finally, I hope that this research very useful for the other researcher for
doing others research related to the technique of teaching vocabulary. Thank you
very much.
Malang, 13 May 2011
Sultriyanti Ode Rasulu
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Approval...................................................................................................... i
Legalization...................................... ............................................................ ii
Motto and Dedication........................... ....................................................... iii
Acknowledgments ....................................................................................... iv
Abstract........................................................................................................... v
Table of Contents................................................................................... ........ vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study......................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems...................................................................... ... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study............................................................................... ... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study........................................................................ ... 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study............................................................. 5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms.......................................................................... .. 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Language Teaching and Learning............................................................ .. 7
2.1.1 Language Teaching….................................................................... .. 7
2.1.2 Language Learning ....................................................................... . 8
2.2 Factors in Teaching and Learning Activity in Classroom.......................... 9
2.2.1 The Teacher’s Role….................................................................... . 9
2.2.2 The Learner’s Role…………………............................................ .. 10
2.2.3 Instructional Materials………....................................................... .. 10
2.3 Teaching and Learning Vocabulary......................................................... ... 11
2.3.1Teaching Vocabulary...................................................................... ... 11
2.3.2 Learning Vocabulary...................................................................... .. 12
2.4 General Procedures of Teaching and Learning Vocabulary............... ........ 13
2.5 Techniques of Teaching and Learning Vocabulary………................ ........ 14
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design......................................................................................... 19
3.2 Research Subject..................................................................................... ... 20
3.3 The Instrument of the Study....................................................................... 20
3.3.1 Observation................................................................................... ... 20
3.3.2 Interview…................................................................................... ... 21
3.4 Data Collection....................................................................................... ... 22
3.5 Data Analysis.......................................................................................... ... 22
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings.................................................................................... .. 24
4.1.1Kinds of Techniques of Teaching Used by the Teacher.................... 24
4.1.1.1 Flashcards and Pictures…….................................................. 25
4.1.1.2 Translation………………………….................................... . 25
4.1.1.3 Games………………........................................................... . 25
4.1.1.4 Guessing the Words............................................................. .. 25
4.1.1.5 Word Formation……........................................................... .. 25
4.1.2 The Ways of Teacher Applied the Techniques
in Teaching Learning Activity..................................................... ... 25
4.1.2.1 Using Flashcards and Pictures Technique........................... .. 26
4.1.2.2 Using Translation Technique............................................... .. 26
4.1.2.3 Using Games Technique...................................................... .. 26
4.1.2.4 Using Guessing Word Technique........................................... 28
4.1.2.5 Using Word Formation Technique…..................................... 29
4.1.3 The Teacher’s Reason of Using the Techniques…....................... ... 29
4.1.3.1 Using Flashcards or Picture Technique............................... .. 29
4.1.3.2 Using Translation Technique............................................... .. 29
4.1.3.3 Using Games Technique....................................................... . 30
4.1.3.4 Using Guessing the Words Technique.................................. . 30
4.1.3.5 Using Word Formation Technique……............................... .. 30
4.2 Discussion................................................................................................ .. 31
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion............................................................................................... .. 33
5.2 Suggestions.............................................................................................. .. 34
REFERENCES
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX II
APPENDIX III
APPENDIX IV
APPENDIX V
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald, et. al. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education: Sixth Edition.
USA: Wadsworth Group.
Bogdan, C.R, and Biklen, K.S. 1992. Qualitative Research for Education. Boston:
Allyn and Bacon.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, 3th
edition. San Francisco State University.
Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles, an Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy. San Francisco. State University: Addison Wesley
Longman, inc.
English Alvin W.H. 1974. In Leni Ningrum, 2006. The Teaching Techniques in
Mastering Vocabulary in Elementary School in SDN IV Magetan Malang.
Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Ferry, Indah. P. 2007. The Techniques of Teaching vocabulary to the Fourth Grade
Students at SDN Parang Gargo 02 Wagir-Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Freeman, S. Yvionne and Freeman E. Freeman. 1992. Whole Language for
Second Language Learners. Fresno Pacific College: USA.
Hartono. 2009. Bagaimana Menulis Thesis? Malang. UMM Press.
Hikmah, Nurul. 2001. A Study On Techniques and Materials on SDN Lowokwaru
Malang. Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Kasbolah, Kasiani. 1993. Strategi Belajar Mengajar Bahasa Inggris I (teaching
Learning Strategy I). Malang. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Leny, Meilina Ningrum. 2005. The Techniques of Teaching English Vocabulary at
SSLTPN 1 Kedungadem Bojonegoro. Unpublished. Malang: University of
Muhammadiyah Malang.
McMillan, H. James, Sally Schumacher. 1992. Research Education, 3rd edition.
New York: Haper Collins College Published.
Multazim, 2005. A Study on Vocabulary Teaching Techniques of the Third Year
Students a SMK Persis Camplong Madura in the Academic Year 20042005. Unpublished. Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Nation, ISP. 1990. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Boston Massachusetts: A
Division of Wardswroth, Inc.
Novi. 2007. Technique of Teaching English in the Fourth Year of Elementary
School Mulyoagung 3 Dau-Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
Muhammadiyah University.
Richards, Jack C and Rodgers, Theodore S. 2001. Approaches and Methods in
Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Setiyadi, Bambang. 2006. Teaching English As A Foreign Language. Yogyakarta.
Graha Ilmu.
Setiana, Ana. 2009. Improving Second Years Students’ Vocabulary by Using
“Matching Games” at MTS Nurul Ulum Gdungan-Malang. Unpublished.
Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Suprayono, Agus. 2005. A Study on Techniques Teaching Vocabulary Used by the
Teacher At SLTP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. Unpublished. Malang:
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Thronbury, Schott. 2002. How to Teach Vocabulary. England. Longman: Pearson
Education Limited.
Usman. 1998. Menjadi Guru Profesional. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.
____________ Student. 2011. http://.www.thefreedictionary.com/student
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of the research contains such as background of the study, statement of the
problems, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of
key term. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of The Study
Today, English is very important subjects that must be provided for students to develop
their skill. So, the students have to learn more than just the words. They have to know each word
to develop their understanding the meaning and they have to know the appropriate word of
meaning and context correctly. In that case, the students have to study about vocabulary.
Teacher, as someone or somebody who helps the students know more about English
should understand what techniques will be used in the classroom. Richard (2001:19) states that
technique is a particular trick, strategy, or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate
objective. There are many techniques used by the teacher in teaching English vocabulary. So, the
teacher should choose the most appropriate technique to teach vocabulary especially for junior
high school students who are learning English. Technique of teaching English is one factor that
plays an important role in determining the success of student’s achievement. According to
Brown (2001:16) technique is any of wide variety of exercise, activities, or tasks used in the
language classroom for realizing lesson objective.
Teaching is an activity to help students to develop their skill, attitude, and knowledge.
Brown (2000:7) states that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do
something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge,
causing to know or understand. The students who are learning English should learn about
vocabulary to understand English more. Vocabulary is a total number of words that makes up a
language; vocabulary refers to all words in the whole language or words and phrases used in
particular variety (Nation: 1990).
Based on explanation above, writer knows that technique in teaching vocabulary is
important to help students to increase their achievement in English. Therefore, writer intends to
do a research on techniques of teaching vocabulary used by the second grade teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang. The reason of choosing this research is writer believes that
technique in teaching vocabulary is important to support the successful of learning and teaching
process, especially for junior high school that are learning English vocabulary. Agus Suprayono
(2005) investigated that techniques could be employed. The teacher should use interesting
technique such as picture or flashcard and games. Here, showing the picture becomes the first
priority that will motivate students to learn. By applying this technique, the students would get a
pleasure in learning English especially in vocabulary.
In learning a foreign language, vocabulary plays an important role. It is one element that
links the four English skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing. In order to communicate
well in a foreign language, students should acquire and adequate number of words and should
know how to use them accurately. So, teacher should use appropriate techniques in teaching
vocabulary to introduce the new words to the students. According to Napa (1991) in Setiana
(2009) stated that teaching vocabulary is clearly more than just presenting new words. It also
includes a decision that words should teach the basic of how frequent they use by speaker of the
language.
On the other hand, most of students often get difficulties in learning English because they
have low vocabulary and English grammar. It is supported by the previous research that was
conducted by Setiana (2009) in her thesis about improving second year students’ vocabulary by
using matching games at MTS Nurul Ulum Gadungan Malang. She found that the problems
faced by the teacher are caused by vocabulary especially in spelling and pronunciation which has
a different forms, low level of student’s ability in memorizing the words and a small member of
book, and the items of vocabulary that the teacher taught did not appear in UAN. Because of
reason, teacher have to use an appropriate techniques of teaching and learning English especially
vocabulary. The teacher must know the situation and condition in the classroom, and what
techniques are suitable in these situations. Actually, by some of techniques there are not crucial
problems that will be disturb the vocabulary teaching and learning.
SMP Muhammdiyah 06 Dau Malang is chosen because of some reasons; the researcher has
done teaching practice (PPL) and observation there, so she knows the situation and the students
well. Based on the researcher’s observation, the students still have difficulties in English
vocabulary.
Based on the previous explanation, the writer thinks that it is important to conduct the
research on techniques of teaching English vocabulary used by the second grade teacher at SMP
Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Based on the background of the study above, problems of the study are formulated as
follows:
1. What kinds of techniques are used by the English teacher in teaching vocabulary?
2. How does the English teacher apply the techniques used by the English teacher in
teaching vocabulary?
3. What are the teacher’s reasons of using the techniques in teaching vocabulary?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Accordance with statement of the problems above objectives of study are follows:
1. To know the kinds of techniques used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary.
2. To know the ways of the English teacher applies the techniques in teaching vocabulary.
3. To know what are the teacher’s reasons of using the techniques in teaching vocabulary.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The significance of study is designed to teacher and students. The result of this study is
expected to give contribution, concepts or information for English teachers in term of creating
variation techniques of teaching vocabulary at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau-Malang.
The study also gives significance to students. Though English vocabulary, the students can
increase their motivation in learning English.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study is techniques of teaching vocabulary used by second grade teacher
at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau-Malang and it is limited on the second grade English teacher
and the students.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
The purpose of definition of key term is to make it clear and to avoid misunderstanding on
the concept that is used in this study. The writer would like to present the definition of key terms
as follows:
Technique is any of a wide variety of exercise, activities, or tasks used in the language
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classroom for realizing lesson objective. (Brown, 2001:16)
Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving
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instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to
know or understand (Brown, 2000:7).
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Vocabulary is a total number of words that makes up a language; vocabulary refers to
all words in the whole language or words and phrases used in particular variety
(Nation:1990)
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Teacher is someone or somebody as the central force who can shape the behavior of the
individual child as well as those of children in groups (Puguh in Novi, 2007).