While Activities THE USE OF PICTURE SERIES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING RECOUNT TEXT SKILL AT THE FIRST GRADE OF SMAN 1 PAGELARAN

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III. METHOD

In this research, the researcher discusses about research design, population and sample, variables, the data collecting technique, research procedure, instruments, validity and reliability, data analysis and hypothesis as states below:

3.1. Research Design

This research was intended to find out the significant difference of the students’ speaking skill in form of recount model before and after being taught by using picture series and to find out which kind of picture series gave the highest effect. In conducting the research, the researcher used time series design by giving different picture series for each treatment and different topics for every test. The researcher used one class in which the students were given three times pretest, three times treatment, and three times posttest. The research design is ilustrated as follows: T1 T2 T3 X T4 T5 T6 Where: T1 T2 T3 : Pre-test X : Treatment T4 T5 T6 : Post-test Hatch and Farhady, 1982 Pretests were administered before the treatments of teaching speaking by using picture series media. Pretests were implement ed in order to see the students’ basic speaking ability. Then, the researcher gave treatment that is teaching speaking by using picture series media.

3.2. Population and Sample

This research was conducted in the first year of second semester students at SMA Negeri 1 Pagelaran academic year 2014. The researcher chose this school because the researcher wanted to investigate the increase of students’ speaking skill in form of recount text. There were five classes of the first grade and every class had the same oportunity to be chosen. In determining the class to be the sample, the researcher used random sampling by using lottery drawing. The sample of the research is the students of class X 3 which consists of 30 students.

3.3. Data Collecting Technique

The data of this research was in the form of students’ speaking ability score in performing monologue in terms of pronunciation, fluency, and comprehensibility under three topics: daily activities, special moment, and holiday. In collecting the data, the researcher used the following steps:

3.3.1 Procedure of Teaching Speaking through Picture Series

Procedure of using picture series in the class is divided into three terms. They are pre-activity, while-activity, and post-activity. Here are the procedure of teaching speaking trhrough picture series.