6. Thoughts
The author can give us direct knowledge of what a person thinking about 1972:171.
7. Character as Seen by Another
Describe the character through the opinion and eyes of other characters 1972:162.
8. Reactions
With the reactions of the character to some events or situations, it can show the character‟s personality 1972:168.
9. Mannerism
The author can describe a person‟s mannerism, habits which may also tell us something about his character 1972:173.
This theory enlightens the writer to answer the problem formulations. It helps the writer finds the characteristic of Charlie, Sam, Patrick, Bill, and Mary Elizabeth.
It also help the writer to find the contribution of the minor characters to major character since the author reveals it through dialog, thought, direct comment, and so
on.
2. Theory of Character Development
About the theory of character development, E.M Forster stated that character development is the changing of the character from the beginning until the end of the
story. Characters are developing if they experience a change in themselves, for from personality, disposition, or outlook. They will change into a better character but of
course, the changing depends on the situation in the story 1980:54.
Character is not changing easily. The author makes them change with process. Laurence Perrine says that characters do not change in a sudden way, but with step by
step. Characters change with smaller change and it motivated by circumstances. It must follow by time and reason the changes 1974:71.
C. Theoretical Framework
The study entitled “The Contribution of the Minor Characters to Charlie‟s character development The Perks Being a Wall
flower by Stephen Chbosky” tells about how the minor characters in this novel give contribution into the major
character development until they encouraged the major character to take a new level in his life. The theory of characterization helps the writer to analyze the objects of the
study, the major and the minor characters. The theory of character development helps the writer shows that Charlie had significant change in his character. It is because of
the contribution of Patrick, Sam, Bill, and Mary Elizabeth.
12
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study is a novel entitled The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky. It published on February 1, 1999 by Pocket Books. The book as
the object of this study is a paperback edition, published in 2012 by MTV BookGallery Books. It contains of 213 pages and consists of four chapters and an
epilog. In 2012, the novel is adapted into the silver screen with the same title. The author itself is the director and the scriptwriter for the movie. Logan Lerman, Ezra
Miller, and Emma Watson are starring in this movie. After the movie screening, the novel‟s sales boosted until it rewarded as 1 New York Times Bestseller.
The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a story about Charlie, a freshman student
who is shy and cannot interact with the other students. That is makes him become the target of bullying. Actually, Charlie is brilliant, and he has desire in writing. In his
early days in high school, he did not want to hang out with anybody until he encourage himself to talk to Patrick, his senior, in a football game. Charlie also met
Patrick‟s sister, Sam who is also his senior in school. Both of them surprisingly did not see Charlie as a freak. In their first meeting after the game, instead of make
Charlie awkward, Patrick and Sam make Charlie comfortable with asking him some casual questions that is not make Charlie pressured at all. After that, their friendship
goes to a new level. Charlie spent his first year like a normal student; he experienced
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