EUPHEMISM MANIFESTED IN THE DRESSMAKER MOVIE.
EUPHEMISM MANIFESTED IN THE DRESSMAKER MOVIE
A THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
By:
IRA MAYA SOVIA HARAHAP
Registration Number: 2122220011
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2017
ABSTRACT
Harahap, Ira Maya Sovia. 2122220011. Euphemism Manifested In The
Dressmaker Movie. Faculty of Language and Arts. State University of
Medan. 2017.
This thesis deals with the euphemism used by characters’ utterances in
The Dressmaker movie. The study were aimed to know the types of euphemism in
The Dressmaker movie script. The study was conducted by applying descriptive
qualitative method. The source of data was The Dressmaker movie. The data of
study were utterances produced by characters in the movie. The findings of the
sentences uttered by characters showed that the types of euphemism: (1) metaphor
(2) remodelling (3) circumlocution (4) clippings (5) full-ommision (6) metomyny
(7) hyperbole and (8) understatement. The characters used the euphemism was in
order to keep the relationship among them, not try embrasse the interlocutors,
keep listeners from losing face, and to conserve the somebody’s self-esteem.
Keywords: euphemism, utterances, characters, movie.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillah, first of all the writer would like to thanks to Allah SWT and the
Prophet Muhammad SAW for the blessings during her academic years at English
and Literature Department Faculty of Language and Arts (FBS) State University
of Medan in completing the thesis. The writer is also very grateful to the
following people:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Deam of Faculty of Language and
Arts (FBS) State University of Medan for her advice and encouragement
to complete the study.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd, the Head of English and Literature
Department and Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English and
Literature Department, as well as her consultant.
Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum., the Head of English Literature Study
Program, as well as her examiner and Nora Ronita, S.Pd, S.S, M.Hum.,
the Head of English Education Program for their encouragement to
complete the thesis.
Juli Rachmadani Hasibuan, S.S, M.Hum., her Consultan who has
patiently given advice, suggetion, and correction during the completing
this thesis.
Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.Hum, her Examiner who have kindly given
correction and suggestion for the better thesis.
All the Lecturers of English and Literature Department who have taught
and guided her during the academic years.
Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd, the administratio staff of English Department,
who much helped her to fulfill this thesis.
Her beloved parents, Cardik Harahap and Samsinar Hutasuhut, who
have patiently given her encouragement, financial support, their endless
ii
love and their prayers, as well as her beloved sisters and brothers, who
have been good siblings all the time.
Her closest man, Rheza Wira Nanda, for reminding me that even broken
things can be loved.
Her soul sisters, Yuliana Sari, S.Pd, and Dina Afriani, S.Kom who share
everthing since they build a friendship in high school.
Her beautiful friends in college time Muhammad Ridho Wibowo, S.S,
and Try Sari Silitonga, S.S, who always gave motivation and helped her
anytime anywhere.
Her friends in college time Prastyo, Mutia Suri, S.S, Rio Sitorus, S.S,
for the years and still counting friendship and the support in all situation.
Her classmates in English Literature B 2012 for the support and time in
motivated and accompanied her during the academic years.
Medan,
Maret 2017
The Writer
Ira Maya Sovia Harahap
2122220011
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...........................................................................
ii
TABLE OF CONTENT ...............................................................................
iv
LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................
vii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION................................................................
1
A. The Background of Study ..............................................................
1
B. The Problem of Study ....................................................................
4
C. The Objective of Study ..................................................................
4
D. The Scope of Study .......................................................................
4
E. The Significance of Study .............................................................
5
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...........................................
6
A. Theoretical Framework..................................................................
6
1. Semantics ..................................................................................
6
a. Definition of Meaning...........................................................
7
b. Types of Meaning .................................................................
9
c. Semantic Field ......................................................................
12
d. Semantic Change .................................................................
13
2. Euphemism ...............................................................................
14
a. Types of Euphemism ............................................................
16
1. Methapor ...........................................................................
16
2. Rhyming ...........................................................................
16
3. Remodeling .......................................................................
16
4. Circumlocution .................................................................
17
5. Clipping ............................................................................
17
6. Abbreviations ....................................................................
17
7. Acronyms ..........................................................................
17
8. Ommision .........................................................................
17
9. One for one substitution ...................................................
17
iv
10. Hyperbole .........................................................................
18
11. Understatement .................................................................
18
12. Euphemism through borrowing ........................................
18
3. Taboo word ...............................................................................
18
a. Taboo of fear ......................................................................
19
b. Taboo of delicacy ..............................................................
19
c. Taboo of properity .............................................................
20
4. Literary Work ...........................................................................
20
5. Synopsis of The Movie .............................................................
21
B. Relevant Studies .................................................................................
22
C. Conceptual Framework ......................................................................
23
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD ...................................................
25
A. Research Design ........................................................................................
25
B. The Source of Data .............................................................................
25
C. The Techniques of Collecting Data ....................................................
26
D. The Techniques of Analyzing Data ....................................................
26
CHAPTER IV. DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ......................................
27
A. The Datas ....................................................................................................
27
B. The Data Analysis ................................................................................
27
1. Methapor ..................................................................................
28
2. Remodeling ..............................................................................
29
3. Circumlocution.........................................................................
30
4. Clippings ..................................................................................
32
5. Full-ommision ..........................................................................
33
6. Metonymy ................................................................................
34
7. Hyperbole .................................................................................
36
8. Understatement ........................................................................
38
C. Research Findings ..............................................................................
39
D. Discussion ..........................................................................................
40
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..............................
42
A. Conclusion .........................................................................................
42
v
B. Suggestion ..........................................................................................
42
REFERENCES ............................................................................................
43
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A ..............................................................................................
45
APPENDIX B ..............................................................................................
52
vii
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
As social creature, people could not be separated from influences of others,
and almost all of human activities are connected to other people. The way to keep
good social relationship in verbal communication, the speaker must avoid the term
or the words which is insulting the listener, embrassing the interlocutor, attaching
the listener’s self esteem or in another word make the listener loss his face. The
term known as dangerous word, taboo word or dysphemism which known by
speaker but avoided in some, most, or all forms or context of speech, for reason
of religion, decorum politness, and etc. It is clear when we used taboo word it
means we attack the listener or make the listener undergoes loss is face.
Allan & Burridge (1991:52) say that the subject of taboo can vary widely like
in sex area, bodily effluvia, bodily function, death, religious matter, dangerous
animal, political issue even, and diseases. Sometimes people hardly to mention the
spesific organ of reproduction because the name of the spesific organ is taboo to
be mentioned and they prefer to change the name of spesific organ into other
terms.
Taboo words were prohibited to mention and gave the bad effect, people
create a new words or renamed them to get better sound but still have a meaning
that related to it. That is the reason why they applied Euphemism. Centralized to
Allan & Burridge (1991), Euphemism used an alternative to dispreferred
1
2
expression in order to avoid possible loss of face either one’s own face or through
giving offense, that of the audience, or of some third party.
This euphemism surely gave an effect to language change through the
emergence or loss of face of some sense of lexemes, or suitable replacement in the
higher style. Many euphemisms were figurative, and some of them were being the
cause of semantic change. This semantic change lead the new meaning may
changed because of the exchange of perception or the similarity of characters.
Movie is the one of literary works and it is one of the objects of literary
criticism. Movie is a form of entertainment that give visualization through a
sequence of images giving some pictures of continous movement and it is also
called term that create story into motion pictures completed by audio and as a
form dramatic performance that is recorded as a moving image, even it is added
special effects to make a magnificent image.
There have been some studies related to euphemism used in utterances.
Farida (2008) conducted a research and found that euphemism in English was not
just used smooth idiom or phrase, but to make the words as smooth as possible
and avoid the missunderstanding and uncomfortable situation in conversation.
Generally euphemism is divided into three categories, they are fear, unpleasant
topics and taboos. All categories was found in Dan Brown’s novel The Da VinCi
that represent the death.
Hojati (2012) was said that the use of euphemisms has increased by the media
and new and controversial euphemism have also been born. This study was
3
carried out with the aim at eliciting and qualitatively examining a number of highfrequency euphemisms employed by English-speaking media. He calculated
frequencies of different euphemisms used by the media organizations revealed
that poverty- and military-related euphemism figured prominently in the news
bulletins, while euphemisms dealing with economy, disability, death and sex had
lower frequencies of use. This divisiveness also holds true for the military
euphemism collateral damage/deaths, which as this study shows, had a high
frequency of use. It has been used many times by warring parties to mildly refer to
the allegedly unintentional infliction of harm to non-combatants in war situations.
Different from the two studies, Rusdiah (2013) who studied on codeswitching serves a euphemism, and to investigated euphemisms used by the
Indonesian speakers in their utterances in Bahasa Indonesia, local languages, and
foreign languages English and Arabic. The result of the research indicated that
there were 30 euphemism in words or phrases found in the Indonesian speakers,
they are five euphemisms from Bahasa Indonesia, 11 euphemisms from English
and 13 euphemisms in Buginese language.
From those studies above, this research would be different. This research
would be focused on euphemism terms taken from The Dressmaker movie script.
The writer chosed this movie because it had a reflection about human life, and this
movie has the point how characters used euphemism. This movie is directed by
Moorhouse in 2015, in this movie Myrtle Dunnage as a main character and
branded a murderer Stewart's Pettyman. Myrtle tried to prove that herslef not
guilty but Dungatar people were not care, moreover some of Dungatar people
4
were still moked her with bad words by using euphemism. In conducting this
research the writer focused on the euphemism term used in the movie.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background of the study described above, there were two
problems of the study:
1. What types of euphemism are used by characters in their dialogue in The
Dressmaker movie script?
2. Why are the types of euphemism used by characters?
C. The Objective of the Study
The objectives of this study based on the problems described previous were:
1. To find out the types of euphemism are used by characters in their
dialogues in The Dressmaker movie script.
2. To describe the used of euphemism by characters in their dialogues in The
Dressmaker movie script.
D. The Scope of the Study
In this study, the writer limited the discussion of euphemism which is used by
characters in The Dressmaker movie. The analysis would based on the theory of
Euphemism by Allan and Burridge.
5
E. The Significance of the Study
The writes is expected the findings of the study would be useful and relevant
theoretically and practically:
1. Theoretically, the results of this study were expected to enrich the
knowledge of students in euphemism.
2. Practically, this research could give more contributions for everyone
especially whole members of English and Literature Department Statre
University of Medan.
44
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
After analyzing the movie, finally the writer concluded:
1. There were 8 types euphemism were occured in The Dressmaker
movie script.
There are methapor, remodelling, circumlocution,
clippings, full-ommision, metonymy, hyperbole, and understatement.
2. The characters used the euphemism is in to order to keep the
relationship between them, they try to not to embarrasing the
interlocutors, keep the listeners from losing face, and conserve the
somebody’s self-esteem.
B. Suggestion
There were several suggestions that writer could offer to readers towards
euphemism, they are:
1. For English department student, they may use this study as a reference
to understand the study of linguistics related to euphemism and apply
it in the daily life especially in speaking.
2. For future researchers or reader could be more pay attention in kind of
types euphemism in order to can distinguish clearly between one type
with the others, because there are some types that make us confused.
42
43 43
REFERENCES
Akmaijan, Adrian, Richard Demers, Ann Farmer, and Robert Harrish. 2001.
Linguistics: An Introduction and Communication. London, England. MIT
Press.
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 1991. Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language
Used as Shield and Weapon. New York :Oxford University Press.
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 2006. Forbidden Words: Taboo and Consering of
Language. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Arnoff, Mark and Janie Rees – Miller. 2001. The Handbook of Linguistics.
Cowley Road United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishers.
Barnet, Sylvan, William Burto,William E Cain. 2003. An Introduction to
Literature Fiction Poetry and Drama. New York. Pearson Longman.
Bauerle, Rainer. 1979. Semantics From Different Point of View. New York:
Springer Publisher.
Eagleton, Terry. 1996. Literary Theory an Introduction. Great Britain. Blackwell.
Farida. 2008. Eufemisme Pada Novel The Da Vinci Code Karya Dan Brown.
Metalingua Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, 6(2), 128-134.
Fromkin, Victoria and Robert Rodman. 1997. An Introduction to Language Six
Edition. New York. Blackwell.
Hancook, Beverley. 2009. An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Yorkshire &
the Humber (Leicester). University of Leicester.
Hojati. 2012. A Study of Euphemisms in the Context of English-speaking Media.
International Journal of Linguistics, 4(4), 552-562.
Klarer. Mario. 2004. An Intrduction to Literary Studies. London. Routledge taylor
& Francis group.
Kempton, Ruth. M. 1980. Semantic Theory. Sydney: Cambridge University Press.
Keraf, Gorys. 2005. Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia.
Kridalaksana.
Leech, Geoffry. 1997. Semantics. New Zealand: Penguin Books. Ltd.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 1974. Semantic Field and Lexical Structure. Amsterdam. North
44
Holland Publishing.
Linfoot. 2005. The Linguistics of Euphemism: A Diachronic Study of Euphemism
Formation Journal of Language and Linguistics,4(2), 227-263.
Rabab’ah, Ghaleb and Al-Qami, Ali M. 2012. Euphemism In Saudi Arabic And
British English. Journal of Pragmatics, 44, 730-743.
Rusdiah. 2013. Code-Switching Serves a Euphemism. International Journal of
Science and Research, 5(1), 786-790.
Saeed, John. 2004. Semantics. London: Blackwell Publisher.
Zhao. 2010. Study on the Features of English Political Euphemism and its Social
Functions. English Language Teaching, 3(1), 118-121.
A THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
By:
IRA MAYA SOVIA HARAHAP
Registration Number: 2122220011
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2017
ABSTRACT
Harahap, Ira Maya Sovia. 2122220011. Euphemism Manifested In The
Dressmaker Movie. Faculty of Language and Arts. State University of
Medan. 2017.
This thesis deals with the euphemism used by characters’ utterances in
The Dressmaker movie. The study were aimed to know the types of euphemism in
The Dressmaker movie script. The study was conducted by applying descriptive
qualitative method. The source of data was The Dressmaker movie. The data of
study were utterances produced by characters in the movie. The findings of the
sentences uttered by characters showed that the types of euphemism: (1) metaphor
(2) remodelling (3) circumlocution (4) clippings (5) full-ommision (6) metomyny
(7) hyperbole and (8) understatement. The characters used the euphemism was in
order to keep the relationship among them, not try embrasse the interlocutors,
keep listeners from losing face, and to conserve the somebody’s self-esteem.
Keywords: euphemism, utterances, characters, movie.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillah, first of all the writer would like to thanks to Allah SWT and the
Prophet Muhammad SAW for the blessings during her academic years at English
and Literature Department Faculty of Language and Arts (FBS) State University
of Medan in completing the thesis. The writer is also very grateful to the
following people:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Deam of Faculty of Language and
Arts (FBS) State University of Medan for her advice and encouragement
to complete the study.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd, the Head of English and Literature
Department and Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English and
Literature Department, as well as her consultant.
Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum., the Head of English Literature Study
Program, as well as her examiner and Nora Ronita, S.Pd, S.S, M.Hum.,
the Head of English Education Program for their encouragement to
complete the thesis.
Juli Rachmadani Hasibuan, S.S, M.Hum., her Consultan who has
patiently given advice, suggetion, and correction during the completing
this thesis.
Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.Hum, her Examiner who have kindly given
correction and suggestion for the better thesis.
All the Lecturers of English and Literature Department who have taught
and guided her during the academic years.
Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd, the administratio staff of English Department,
who much helped her to fulfill this thesis.
Her beloved parents, Cardik Harahap and Samsinar Hutasuhut, who
have patiently given her encouragement, financial support, their endless
ii
love and their prayers, as well as her beloved sisters and brothers, who
have been good siblings all the time.
Her closest man, Rheza Wira Nanda, for reminding me that even broken
things can be loved.
Her soul sisters, Yuliana Sari, S.Pd, and Dina Afriani, S.Kom who share
everthing since they build a friendship in high school.
Her beautiful friends in college time Muhammad Ridho Wibowo, S.S,
and Try Sari Silitonga, S.S, who always gave motivation and helped her
anytime anywhere.
Her friends in college time Prastyo, Mutia Suri, S.S, Rio Sitorus, S.S,
for the years and still counting friendship and the support in all situation.
Her classmates in English Literature B 2012 for the support and time in
motivated and accompanied her during the academic years.
Medan,
Maret 2017
The Writer
Ira Maya Sovia Harahap
2122220011
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...........................................................................
ii
TABLE OF CONTENT ...............................................................................
iv
LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................
vii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION................................................................
1
A. The Background of Study ..............................................................
1
B. The Problem of Study ....................................................................
4
C. The Objective of Study ..................................................................
4
D. The Scope of Study .......................................................................
4
E. The Significance of Study .............................................................
5
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...........................................
6
A. Theoretical Framework..................................................................
6
1. Semantics ..................................................................................
6
a. Definition of Meaning...........................................................
7
b. Types of Meaning .................................................................
9
c. Semantic Field ......................................................................
12
d. Semantic Change .................................................................
13
2. Euphemism ...............................................................................
14
a. Types of Euphemism ............................................................
16
1. Methapor ...........................................................................
16
2. Rhyming ...........................................................................
16
3. Remodeling .......................................................................
16
4. Circumlocution .................................................................
17
5. Clipping ............................................................................
17
6. Abbreviations ....................................................................
17
7. Acronyms ..........................................................................
17
8. Ommision .........................................................................
17
9. One for one substitution ...................................................
17
iv
10. Hyperbole .........................................................................
18
11. Understatement .................................................................
18
12. Euphemism through borrowing ........................................
18
3. Taboo word ...............................................................................
18
a. Taboo of fear ......................................................................
19
b. Taboo of delicacy ..............................................................
19
c. Taboo of properity .............................................................
20
4. Literary Work ...........................................................................
20
5. Synopsis of The Movie .............................................................
21
B. Relevant Studies .................................................................................
22
C. Conceptual Framework ......................................................................
23
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD ...................................................
25
A. Research Design ........................................................................................
25
B. The Source of Data .............................................................................
25
C. The Techniques of Collecting Data ....................................................
26
D. The Techniques of Analyzing Data ....................................................
26
CHAPTER IV. DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ......................................
27
A. The Datas ....................................................................................................
27
B. The Data Analysis ................................................................................
27
1. Methapor ..................................................................................
28
2. Remodeling ..............................................................................
29
3. Circumlocution.........................................................................
30
4. Clippings ..................................................................................
32
5. Full-ommision ..........................................................................
33
6. Metonymy ................................................................................
34
7. Hyperbole .................................................................................
36
8. Understatement ........................................................................
38
C. Research Findings ..............................................................................
39
D. Discussion ..........................................................................................
40
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..............................
42
A. Conclusion .........................................................................................
42
v
B. Suggestion ..........................................................................................
42
REFERENCES ............................................................................................
43
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A ..............................................................................................
45
APPENDIX B ..............................................................................................
52
vii
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
As social creature, people could not be separated from influences of others,
and almost all of human activities are connected to other people. The way to keep
good social relationship in verbal communication, the speaker must avoid the term
or the words which is insulting the listener, embrassing the interlocutor, attaching
the listener’s self esteem or in another word make the listener loss his face. The
term known as dangerous word, taboo word or dysphemism which known by
speaker but avoided in some, most, or all forms or context of speech, for reason
of religion, decorum politness, and etc. It is clear when we used taboo word it
means we attack the listener or make the listener undergoes loss is face.
Allan & Burridge (1991:52) say that the subject of taboo can vary widely like
in sex area, bodily effluvia, bodily function, death, religious matter, dangerous
animal, political issue even, and diseases. Sometimes people hardly to mention the
spesific organ of reproduction because the name of the spesific organ is taboo to
be mentioned and they prefer to change the name of spesific organ into other
terms.
Taboo words were prohibited to mention and gave the bad effect, people
create a new words or renamed them to get better sound but still have a meaning
that related to it. That is the reason why they applied Euphemism. Centralized to
Allan & Burridge (1991), Euphemism used an alternative to dispreferred
1
2
expression in order to avoid possible loss of face either one’s own face or through
giving offense, that of the audience, or of some third party.
This euphemism surely gave an effect to language change through the
emergence or loss of face of some sense of lexemes, or suitable replacement in the
higher style. Many euphemisms were figurative, and some of them were being the
cause of semantic change. This semantic change lead the new meaning may
changed because of the exchange of perception or the similarity of characters.
Movie is the one of literary works and it is one of the objects of literary
criticism. Movie is a form of entertainment that give visualization through a
sequence of images giving some pictures of continous movement and it is also
called term that create story into motion pictures completed by audio and as a
form dramatic performance that is recorded as a moving image, even it is added
special effects to make a magnificent image.
There have been some studies related to euphemism used in utterances.
Farida (2008) conducted a research and found that euphemism in English was not
just used smooth idiom or phrase, but to make the words as smooth as possible
and avoid the missunderstanding and uncomfortable situation in conversation.
Generally euphemism is divided into three categories, they are fear, unpleasant
topics and taboos. All categories was found in Dan Brown’s novel The Da VinCi
that represent the death.
Hojati (2012) was said that the use of euphemisms has increased by the media
and new and controversial euphemism have also been born. This study was
3
carried out with the aim at eliciting and qualitatively examining a number of highfrequency euphemisms employed by English-speaking media. He calculated
frequencies of different euphemisms used by the media organizations revealed
that poverty- and military-related euphemism figured prominently in the news
bulletins, while euphemisms dealing with economy, disability, death and sex had
lower frequencies of use. This divisiveness also holds true for the military
euphemism collateral damage/deaths, which as this study shows, had a high
frequency of use. It has been used many times by warring parties to mildly refer to
the allegedly unintentional infliction of harm to non-combatants in war situations.
Different from the two studies, Rusdiah (2013) who studied on codeswitching serves a euphemism, and to investigated euphemisms used by the
Indonesian speakers in their utterances in Bahasa Indonesia, local languages, and
foreign languages English and Arabic. The result of the research indicated that
there were 30 euphemism in words or phrases found in the Indonesian speakers,
they are five euphemisms from Bahasa Indonesia, 11 euphemisms from English
and 13 euphemisms in Buginese language.
From those studies above, this research would be different. This research
would be focused on euphemism terms taken from The Dressmaker movie script.
The writer chosed this movie because it had a reflection about human life, and this
movie has the point how characters used euphemism. This movie is directed by
Moorhouse in 2015, in this movie Myrtle Dunnage as a main character and
branded a murderer Stewart's Pettyman. Myrtle tried to prove that herslef not
guilty but Dungatar people were not care, moreover some of Dungatar people
4
were still moked her with bad words by using euphemism. In conducting this
research the writer focused on the euphemism term used in the movie.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background of the study described above, there were two
problems of the study:
1. What types of euphemism are used by characters in their dialogue in The
Dressmaker movie script?
2. Why are the types of euphemism used by characters?
C. The Objective of the Study
The objectives of this study based on the problems described previous were:
1. To find out the types of euphemism are used by characters in their
dialogues in The Dressmaker movie script.
2. To describe the used of euphemism by characters in their dialogues in The
Dressmaker movie script.
D. The Scope of the Study
In this study, the writer limited the discussion of euphemism which is used by
characters in The Dressmaker movie. The analysis would based on the theory of
Euphemism by Allan and Burridge.
5
E. The Significance of the Study
The writes is expected the findings of the study would be useful and relevant
theoretically and practically:
1. Theoretically, the results of this study were expected to enrich the
knowledge of students in euphemism.
2. Practically, this research could give more contributions for everyone
especially whole members of English and Literature Department Statre
University of Medan.
44
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
After analyzing the movie, finally the writer concluded:
1. There were 8 types euphemism were occured in The Dressmaker
movie script.
There are methapor, remodelling, circumlocution,
clippings, full-ommision, metonymy, hyperbole, and understatement.
2. The characters used the euphemism is in to order to keep the
relationship between them, they try to not to embarrasing the
interlocutors, keep the listeners from losing face, and conserve the
somebody’s self-esteem.
B. Suggestion
There were several suggestions that writer could offer to readers towards
euphemism, they are:
1. For English department student, they may use this study as a reference
to understand the study of linguistics related to euphemism and apply
it in the daily life especially in speaking.
2. For future researchers or reader could be more pay attention in kind of
types euphemism in order to can distinguish clearly between one type
with the others, because there are some types that make us confused.
42
43 43
REFERENCES
Akmaijan, Adrian, Richard Demers, Ann Farmer, and Robert Harrish. 2001.
Linguistics: An Introduction and Communication. London, England. MIT
Press.
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 1991. Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language
Used as Shield and Weapon. New York :Oxford University Press.
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 2006. Forbidden Words: Taboo and Consering of
Language. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Arnoff, Mark and Janie Rees – Miller. 2001. The Handbook of Linguistics.
Cowley Road United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishers.
Barnet, Sylvan, William Burto,William E Cain. 2003. An Introduction to
Literature Fiction Poetry and Drama. New York. Pearson Longman.
Bauerle, Rainer. 1979. Semantics From Different Point of View. New York:
Springer Publisher.
Eagleton, Terry. 1996. Literary Theory an Introduction. Great Britain. Blackwell.
Farida. 2008. Eufemisme Pada Novel The Da Vinci Code Karya Dan Brown.
Metalingua Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, 6(2), 128-134.
Fromkin, Victoria and Robert Rodman. 1997. An Introduction to Language Six
Edition. New York. Blackwell.
Hancook, Beverley. 2009. An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Yorkshire &
the Humber (Leicester). University of Leicester.
Hojati. 2012. A Study of Euphemisms in the Context of English-speaking Media.
International Journal of Linguistics, 4(4), 552-562.
Klarer. Mario. 2004. An Intrduction to Literary Studies. London. Routledge taylor
& Francis group.
Kempton, Ruth. M. 1980. Semantic Theory. Sydney: Cambridge University Press.
Keraf, Gorys. 2005. Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia.
Kridalaksana.
Leech, Geoffry. 1997. Semantics. New Zealand: Penguin Books. Ltd.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 1974. Semantic Field and Lexical Structure. Amsterdam. North
44
Holland Publishing.
Linfoot. 2005. The Linguistics of Euphemism: A Diachronic Study of Euphemism
Formation Journal of Language and Linguistics,4(2), 227-263.
Rabab’ah, Ghaleb and Al-Qami, Ali M. 2012. Euphemism In Saudi Arabic And
British English. Journal of Pragmatics, 44, 730-743.
Rusdiah. 2013. Code-Switching Serves a Euphemism. International Journal of
Science and Research, 5(1), 786-790.
Saeed, John. 2004. Semantics. London: Blackwell Publisher.
Zhao. 2010. Study on the Features of English Political Euphemism and its Social
Functions. English Language Teaching, 3(1), 118-121.