F. Method of the Study
This study considered as quantitative approach due the writer use statistic method in order to analyze difficulty index and discrimination index using a
statistical analysis formula which also has been stated in chapter two. This study categorized as content analysis. Because this study, studying
the content of document especially in written text. To gather the document needed, the writer collects all suitable documents. Those documents are the English odd
summative paper test, the softcopy of students’ answer sheet and answer key.
G. Data Description
The writer analyzes item difficulty, discriminating index, and distracter effectiveness in multiple-choice question of the English summative test. To get
the data, she took the students’ answer sheets and the English odd summative test document to be analyzed. The data that the writer used in this study is the English
summative test for odd semester. The total number of the items are 40 questions, with all of multiple-choice items. The test was held on Wednesday, December 11
th
, 2013 with the given time 90 minutes. In doing this analysis, the writer took 27
percents of students’ answer sheet to determining upper and lower group students. For upper group students is defined as as the students who had good performed in
a test, and the lower group can be defined as the students who had bad performed
in a test.
Therefore, from 27 percents from 161 students there are 43 students answer sheets for each upper group and lower group students. Another 75
students answeer sheets categorized as middle group students. This middle group
students was put aside because it has average score.
The data collected were analyzed by using some criteria in order to know whether the items of english summative test are qualified based on Arikunto’s or
not. The first criterion is difficulty index, it is considered to be a good item test, if it has difficulty index range from 0.30
– 0.70. Second criterion is discrimination
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