Syntactical Errors RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The student omit {-‘S} in the sentence. The correct sentence is added {-‘S} because it has function as a sign of the owner. So the correct sentence is My pet’s name is Cathie. 4 Addition of BE as Full Verb I’am come from school. The incorrect sentence is being added to be am. The correct sentence is without to be am because the sentence is active simple present tense. 5 Omission of BE as Full Verb His name ___ Rangga. The errors occur because the students apply the Indonesian rule into English in which they omit to be in their sentence. The correct sentence is His name is Rangga. 6 Misuse of BE The colors is black, orange and white. Because of subjects the colors is the third singular person, so those should followed plural to be appropriate each subjects. 7 Misuse of Have She have long hair. The subject she is the third singular person, so it should be followed has without have. 8 Objective for Subjective And me always not can leave ask for Pussy. The pronoun me has function for object in the sentence, so it is become error as misuse of pronoun. The correct is using I for subject in the sentence. 9 Subjective for Possessive Adjective This is my sister. She name is Ika Nafisatul. The subject she has function for subject in the sentence. But the students misuse she for possessive adjective pronoun. It is not appropriate, because for indicate of possession should uses possessive adjective like her. 10 Possessive adjective for Subjective His like eat vegetables. The possessive adjective pronoun his has function for possession in the sentence. But the students misuse his for subjective pronoun. It is not appropriate, because for indicate of subject should use subjective pronoun he. 11 Misuse of Possessive Adjective Pronoun My dog is very angry, her name is Jack. My dog is noun so the possessive adjective pronoun is not her but it uses its. 12 Misuse of Subjective Pronoun She is a rabbit female and have color white. The sentence uses she for subject whereas she refers to rabbit, the correct is using it because rabbit is animal. 13 Omission of Possessive Adjective Pronoun Her favorite color is blue, and ___ favorite food is fried noodle. The student omits possessive adjective pronoun. After conjunction, the student forgets to add possessive adjective her refers to possession of favorite in the sentence, so it becomes error. 14 Omission of Subjective Pronoun Bongo has brownish fur and ___ walks with two feet. The student omits subjective pronoun it. After conjunction, the student forgets to add subject in the sentence. 15 Sentence Pattern I love and very like Arif. S A P The student makes sentence start from subject then adverb and predicate. The sentence is error because after subject is not followed by predicate, but followed by adjective. Actually, a good sentence structure consists of subject and predicate. The correct sentence is “I love and like Arif very much”. 16 Determiner That names are Riko and Rani. The student uses that for the plural form. Actually, the determiner of that used for the singular form, but in the sentence above the student uses that for the plural form. While the determiner for plural form used those. So the correct sentence is “Those names are Riko and Rani”. 17 Omission of Conjunction He uses it to keep his books ___ another things. The student omitted conjunction and. The error occurs because the student does not understand about the use of conjunction. The correct sentence is adding conjunction and, because from the sentence above there are two phrases that should be connect. 18 Omission of Article I have ___ house. The student tend to omit article a in their sentence. The error occurs because the student does not know the function of an article. The correct sentence is adding article a because the form a is used before a word beginning with a consonant or vowel sounded like a consonant.

3. Discourse Errors

a. Generic Structure My Friend This is my friend. His nama is Fadil. He does not have wavy hair. He have pointed nose. His ayes have blue. He does not have white skin. He does not have diligent and he has strong hands. Title Description The researcher concludes that the students still omit identification of generic structure, probably it is caused they didn’t understand andor confused the generic structure of descriptive text. The students should understand the generic structure of descriptive text which consists of identification and description and applied in their written production. b. Reference This is my sister. My name is Via. The students use my which they think that my refers to my sister, whereas my sister has position as object and it has possessive adjective pronoun her, because my sister is girl. And the correct sentence is “This is my sister. Her name is Via”. c. Conjunction The eyes color is yellow. And it has long tail. The students use conjunction and to connect between two sentences, whereas it uses to connect between phrases or clause. The conjunction and also used to connect something which has relationship between one phrases clause to the other.

4. Frequency and Dominant of Errors

The dominant error is syntactical. Their syntactical errors consist of 60, 12 covering: phrase 1, 19, the use of verb 38, 09, pronoun 20, 81, sentence pattern 0, 59, determiner 0, 59, conjunction 0, 59 and article 0, 59. Errors on lexical consist of 17, 26 which covers: wrong spelling 14, 88, false friend 1, 78 and use Indonesian word code switching 0, 59. Errors on discourse consist of 20, 24 which covers of generic structure 11, 31 and component of discourse 8, 92. 5. The Sources of Error I am come from school. The student applies two predicates; they are am and come because the student is confused which predicate is appropriate to use. In this case, the student should use one predicate in the sentence. The correct sentence is I come from school.