Homosexuality Review of Related Theories

they are, but they are only imitating the adult who is their role model rather than being themselves. They may seem to know what they want, but it is r eally only what they think others want them to want.” 35 In this process, the child copies the character of his idol to his personality. It makes him difficult to determine who he really is and what he wants. Sanford and Lough state that to be his own man, a son must be separated from his father‟s reliance so he can develop his own strength. His father must guide his son to do that. Because if a son is not ready yet separated from his father‟s reliance, when the father has been physically absent or emotional unavailable, he may choose a man who has a similar psychological type like his father. He will look for another mentor with whom he feels a natural report. He will absorb the knowledge of his mentor and imitates his personality traits and mannerism t o identify with him and fit the mentor‟s qualities into himself Sanford and Lough 190.

5. Homosexuality

Human always have problems in their daily life. They have a lot of problems that have to be solved throughout their life. Those problems frequently produce an emotional problem or stress. This emotional problem can brings any troubles. It plays an important role in determining how someone behaves, especially if it happens in his or her childhood. Coleman states that a fearful child who has mental and emotional problems seems to be responsible for the abnormal behavior. A study about the abnormal behavior shows that it is one of the factors that cause abnormal behavior. Besides influencing by emotional problem, many factors can cause the abnormal behavior. It can be from the parental overprotection or the particular condition when someone experience disappointment in love Coleman 117. Coleman also adds that the abnormal behavior can be experienced because of maternal deviation. It can happen when a child is separated from his mother or lacks of mothering in home Coleman 128. Coleman says that the abnormal behavior will surely happens when someone has a lack of social environment. In his growing up period, the individual must try to make a relationship with various social roles to clarify his identity. An individual who experiences a lack of social environment has reduced the opportunity to develop himself. He will feel that he is worthless, nobody cares about him and nobody helps him in the time of need Coleman 142. One of the examples of abnormal behavior is homosexuality. It refers to the sexual pattern, which is abnormal in the choice of sexual object Coleman 389. Homosexuality emerges from people called homosexual. Kinsey et al in Psychology Today: an Introduction fifth edition state that homosexual is a person whose primary source of sexual gratification is members of the same sex 401- 402. Homosexuality has existed throughout man‟s recorded history. It has produced many pros and contras in the society. Homosexuals have their own community. They live in residential areas in large cities. They also have their own style, such as unique customs, value systems, languages, dress, and gestures. They have friendship cliques and have a small portion to the public. They always gather in a particular place such as a „gay bar‟. That is the place where they meet other homosexuals, searching for a new partner, talking about parties issued, or just sharing about the policies of their activities. There are no individual‟s problems. The individual problems become a social problem for them Coleman 394. A homosexual can be changed into a female in one time, and alter again to be a male in another time. They even can make up, even dress just like to show their female identification Coleman 394. There are some reasons that drive someone to become a homosexual. A person who is completely fearful of social difficulties can experience homosexuality. They run their life without any socio-sexual contacts, and have very upset life Kinsey et al 633. Kinsey et al as stated in Sexual behavior state that the relationship between two males in a long period of time will influence the choice of those men on deciding the kind of the relationship for their next period of lives. They say, “Some of the males who are involved in one type of relation at one period in their lives, may have only the other type of relation at some later period ”Kinsey at al 639. Kinsey at al also adds that homosexuality can also be caused by the inner problem of the individual. They say that “There are some males whose homosexuality is undoubtedly the product of inherent or acquired heredity or other personality traits which make it difficult for them to approach other persons for any sort of social contact. Such males find it easier to make contacts with individuals of their own sex. Their homosexuality may be the direct the outcome of their sexual inadequacies “Kinsey at al 633. Meanwhile, according to Bieber as stated in Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life Fifth Edition , which he was found from one of his patient is that homosexuality can be built from highly pathogenic family background. Homosexuality appears when a mother becomes a detached and hostile person, while father is overly protective his own son Bieber 398. Meanwhile, Walker states five- environment factors that build someone‟s homosexuality. They are a conflict with the parent of the opposite sex, frequent conflict between a father and a mother which may create a bad view of the children to all relationship of a heterosexual nature, deprived of companionship with children of the opposite sex in the earlier years, regular conflict between rival brothers and rival sisters which makes a depressed heterosexual companionship and an understanding between the two sexes, and the preference for girls or boys on the parts of the parents which produces a similar favoritism in the children Walker 205.

B. Theoretical Framework