INTRODUCTION .1 COMMUNICATIONS .1 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION

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Chapter 4 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION

OF RUNWAY INCURSIONS 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.1.1 The following recommendations are the result of a systemic analysis of a number of runway incursions, the purpose of which was to identify the causes and contributory factors, both as active and latent failures, that led to the incidents that took place. 4.1.2 These recommendations will enhance the safety of runway operations through the consistent and uniform application of existing ICAO provisions, leading to predictability and greater situational awareness. 4.2 COMMUNICATIONS 4.2.1 The full aircraft or vehicle call sign should be used for all communications associated with runway operations. 4.2.2 Standard ICAO phraseologies should be used in all communications associated with runway operations. 4.2.3 Periodically it should be verified that pilots, drivers and air traffic controllers are using standard ICAO phraseologies in all communications associated with runway operations. 4.2.4 The readback procedures in the Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Air Traffic Management PANS-ATM, Doc 4444 should be used and should include communications with vehicles operating on the manoeuvring area. 4.2.5 All communications associated with runway operations should be conducted in accordance with ICAO language requirements for air-ground radiotelephony communications Annex 10 — Aeronautical Telecommunications, Volume II, Chapter 5, and Annex 1 — Personnel Licensing, Chapter 1 and Appendix 1, refer. The use of standard aviation English at international aerodromes will improve the situational awareness of everyone listening on the frequency. 4.2.6 All communications associated with the operation of each runway vehicles, crossing aircraft, etc. should be conducted on the same frequency as utilized for the take-off and landing of aircraft. 4.2.7 Short and simple messages should be used in ATC communications. 4.2.8 Appendix A contains more detailed guidance on communication best practices based on ICAO provisions. 4-2 Manual on the Prevention of Runway Incursions 4.3 AIRCRAFT OPERATORS 4.3.1