Smŗti There is a ‘methodology of argument’ which examines the statements and viewpoints to

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v. Smŗti

This is the last modification classified by Pātānjali as memory or smŗti. It is defined as ‘recollection of contents conditionsobjects experienced’ 46 and as ‘remembering’ as ‘the non-deprivation of the experienced object’ 47 . The genesis of s mŗti can be considered in this way: cognition carries with it the representation of the object as well as the process of apprehension. Thus the object of experience grahya and the instrument and process of experience grahaņa is contained in cognition which then generates an impression samskāra stored in karmic storehouse asya. It is from this impression that memory arises again as a mental fluctuation. When the original cognition is reproduced in the form of memory, the memory is identical to the sa mskāra as well as the experience itself which was the manifesting cause of the samskāra. The memory is then triggered by some other manifesting cause or similar cognition at another time 48 . There is a constant drawing on the ‘memory bank’ as it were, by buddhi intellect to make sense of the presenting experience and this results in modification of the mind related to memory. Vyāsa comments that the representation of the process of cognition relates primarily to the buddhi particularly the process which makes possible the awareness the ‘I know the object’ 49 Bhattacharya connects all the vŗttis: ‘Presentation of the content that is known as real is pramāņa, of a content that is known as unreal is viparyaya, and of a content that appears as real even when it is known as unreal is vikapla; while presentation of content as presentation – i.e. presentation as presentation is Smŗti and presentation of the absence presentation is nidrā’ . 50 . 46 I. Whicher, T he Integrity of the Yoga Darsana, p117 47 G. Feuerstein, The Yoga-sutra of Patanjali, p 33 48 I. Whicher, The Integrity of the Yoga Darsana, p117 49 Hariharananda Aranya, Yoga Philosophy of Patanjali, p 33 50 K. Bhattacharya, Studies in Philosophy, Volume I, Motilal Banarasidass, , Delhi, 2008 edition, p256 23

b. Psychological significance of the modifications