TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
PROJECT TITLE i
COMFIRMATION OF STATUS REPORT ii
DECLARATION iii
SUPERVISOR DECLARATION iv
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
ABSTRACT vii
ABSTRAK viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
LIST OF TABLES xii
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xv
LIST OF APPENDICES xvi
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of Technologies 1
1.2 Project Background 5
1.3 Problem Statement 6
1.4 Objectives 6
1.5 Scope of Project 7
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Triangulation 9
2.2 Trilateration 11
2.3 Scene Analysis 15
2.3.1 Ekahau Site Survey 20
2.3.2 VisiWave Site Survey 21
2.3.3 TamoGraph Site Survey 22
2.4 Comparison between Positioning Algoritm 23
3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Project Methodology 24
3.1.1 Phase 1 - Planning 25
3.1.1.1 Data Collection 26
3.1.1.2 Hardware and software requirements 26
3.1.2 Phase 2 - Measurement 27
3.1.2.1 Scene Analysis Technique 28
3.1.3 Phase 3 - Development 35
3.1.3.1 Development of Distance Algorithm 35
3.1.3.2 Development of Graphical User Interface 37
3.1.4 Phase 4 - Testing 37
4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Distance Estimation Algorithm 38
4.1.1 Location Estimation Calculation 39
4.1.2 Analysis of Algorithm Effectiveness 4.1.2.1 Comparison between Numbers of
49
Access point Access point
3.1.3 4.1.2.2 Comparison between Numbers of
Access Point Access Point and Traffic Condition
50
5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS
5.0 Conclusion 51
5.1 Future Works 52
REFERENCES
53
APPENDICES 55
LIST OF TABLES
NO TITLE
PAGE 1.1
Indoor versus outdoor positioning 2
1.2 Indoor Positioning Technologies
3
2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of positioning algorithm
23
3.1 Received Signal Strength color level
30
3.2 Region color description
31 3.3
Received Signal Strength database in dBm 33
3.4 Received Signal in matrix form
34 4.1
Received Signal Strength database in dBm at each Reference Location 40
4.2 Received Signal Strength database Normalized at Access Point 1
41 4.3
Received Signal Strength database between User Normalized and database values
43
4.4 Received Signal Strength at sample location
47 4.5
Location estimation in real time 47
4.6 Comparison between Numbers of Access Point
49 4.7
Comparison between Traffic Conditions 50
LIST OF FIGURES
NO TITLE
PAGE 1.1
Indoor technologies in dependence on accuracy and coverage 4
1.2 Indoor technologies dependence on accuracy and carrier wavelength
