AN ANALYSIS OF MISS MARPLE’S PERSONALITY IN “THEY DO IT WITH MIRRORS” NOVEL BY AGATHA CHRISTIE

AN ANALY“I“ OF MI““ MARPLE’“ PER“ONALITY IN THEY DO IT

WITH MIRROR“ NOVEL BY AGATHA CHRI“TIE

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to

archieve Sarjana Degree in English Educatin

By:

RIZAL SEPTENDRIANTO 07360210

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis written by Rizal Septendrianto was approved on August 29, 2013.

Advisor I Advisor II

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on August 29, 2013

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. M. Syaifuddin, M. M

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M. Hum 1... 2. Drs. Imam Mahfudz 2... 3. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si 3... 4. Drs. Taufiq Burhan, M.Pd 4...

MOTTO

“Dan orang-orang yang beriman dan mengerjakan amal saleh benar-benar akan Kami masukkan mereka ke dalam (golongan) orang-orang yang saleh”

(Q.S. Al 'Ankabuut - 29)

Dedication

My beloved mother and father,

My big Family,

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmaanirohim

Alhamdulillahirobbil alamin. Praise to Allah, the lord of the world, the Beneficent, the Merciful, that the researcher can finish this thesis as one of the requirement in archiving Sarjana Degree in English Education

The writer realized that so many persons are involved in the process of making this thesis. In this opportunity the researcher would like to express special appreciation to:

1. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si as the first advisor for the never ending encouragement, guidance and a plenty of corrections and revision in completing this study.

2. Drs. Taufiq Burhan, M.Pd as the second advisor for the true suggestion, patience and understanding in assisting this thesis writing. 3. All lecturers of English Department.

4. My parents, my big family, my girlfriend, and all of my friends in Malang for their holy silent prayer, attention and encouragement which give me spirit for chasing this dream and chance to finish my education at UMM.

5. My friends ’07 period of English Department for true support and help me so far and JC (Jamaah Coffeyah) Club as English Study Club for discussion about English and Education subject.

Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis would be useful for lecturers especially in teaching literature in the English Department Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Malang.

Malang, 29 August 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL... i

LEGALIZATION... ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS... iv

ABSTRACT... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS... vi

CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of The Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of The Problem... 4

1.3 Objective of The Study... 4

1.4 Scope and Limitation... 4

1.5 Definition of Key Terms ... 4

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature... 5

2.2 Novel... 6

2.2.1 Novel as Literary Work... 6

2.2.2 Kinds of Novel………... 6

2.3 Elements of Novel... 8

2.3.1Character... 8

2.3.2Characteristic... 9

2.3.3Characterization... 9

2.3.4Setting... 9

2.3.5Theme... 10

2.3.6Conflict... 10

2.3.7Plot... 11

2.4 Personality... 12

2.4.1Factors That Influence One’s Personality... 13

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Method... 16

3.2 Approach... 16

3.2.1. Mimetic Approach... 17

3.2.2. Pragmatic Approach... 17

3.2.3. Expressive Approach... 17

3.2.4. Objective Approach... 17

3.3 Population and Sample... 17

3.4 Data Collection... 18

3.5 Data Analysis…... 18

CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 The Factors That Influence Miss Marple’s Personality... 19

4.1.1 Miss Marple’s Appearances... 19

4.1.2 Miss Marple’s Social Interaction with Other People... 20

4.1.3 Intellectuality... 21

4.2 The Effects of Miss Marple’s Personality Toward her Life... 22

4.2.1 People looked her on negative and positive sides... 22

4.2.1.1 Negative side... 22

4.2.2.1 Positive side... 23

4.2.2 Socializing Easily with People around... 24

4.2.3 Being Able to Solve Problem... 25

4.3Discussion. ... 26

CHAPTERV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion... 28

5.2 Suggestion... 29

REFERENCES ... 30

APPENDIX I... 31

REFERENCES

Bennet. 2004. Literature, Criticism and Theory. United Kingdom: the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd

Hall, Donald. 1983. To Read Literature Fiction Drama Poem. New Work: CBS College Publishing.

Klarer, Mario. 1999. An Introduction to Literary Studies. London: Routledge Klarer, Mario. 2004. An Introduction to Literary Studies second edition. London:

Routledge

Koesnosoebroto, SB. Drs. MA. 1988. The Anatomi Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Dekdibud

Littauer, Florence. 1996. Personality Plus. Jakarta. BinarupaAksara

Milan, Mac 1984. Appreciating Literature. New York. Macmillan. Publishing Company.

Wibowo, Hendro. 2003. Study On Psychological Pressure Of The Main Character In Danielle Steel's Novel "Ranch”.Thesis, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University ofMuhammadiyah Malang.

_______, Definition of Word (Online). http://www.helium.com/items/1886592-facors-that-affect-personalityAcces 4 May 2012.

_______, Definition of Word (Online).http://www.literature-web.net/wildeAcces 4 May 2012.

_______, Definition of Word

(Online). http://www.psikologizone.com/category/psikologi-kepribadianAcces 11November 2012.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains about the background of the study, problems of the study, objective of the study, scope and limitation and definitions of key terms.

1.1Background of Study

Human beings are God's perfect creatures. They are born with understanding and thought to the life later. Every human being is unique. They are born in different shape, intelligence and life. When humans live in this world, they must adapt to the surrounding environment and to other human beings who live there. From this adaptation, human character will be formed over time. Formation of the character can change quickly or slowly depending on themselves. Besides, something that makes them more special than the others is that they know the way to express their feeling, thought, and emotion. Something to provide

“a place” for all of the people’s expression is literature.

According to Moleong as quoted by Spadlex (2000:13), “Literature is the knowledge

which is earned by human beings that a rise conduct and it is used to reflect and express

experience”. Another statement said that literature is one of the great creative and universal

means of communicating the emotional, spiritual or intellectual concerns of mankind. Hall (in Triyan: 2001), literature is a record and embodies of human being that is connected to the society. It means that literature is connected with life, because it describes the events and the things that can happen in a society, what human being has experienced in his life or it describes the reality.

Literature is an imaginative work that gives enjoyment and knowledge to the readers. They will get enjoyment when they read. Besides that, literature gives the reader advantages like deepening and widening their culture. As we know knowledge comes from reading and

this is possible for us to understand or to get knowledge from the experience that happen from literary works. There are many kinds of literature such as prose, drama and poems. The author can make character freely as she or he wants and of course every character has personality which can make it different from the others.

Humans' personality is different. Personality is synonymous with the character and human nature behaviors. Personality is the behaviors. That is revealed to the social environment and has about yourself that you want to be caught by the social environment (Alwisol, 2009:7). Human personality is good and sometime can be bad. Someone who has a good personality can be influenced by environment factors or heredity as well as those who have bad personality.

By over time, individual personalities are not fixed; always change time by time according to what the individual wants. When someone was a child, his or her personality still seems like others, are still reasonable - just fair. Someone will find their own identity by having the nature of the rebels. These searches inspired from their idol or from the influence of peers. Personality is formed and influenced by the high emotional turmoil that can turn someone into a positive to negative or vice versa characteristic. Personality change is the concept that although personality may have some stability throughout the lifespan, some individuals may undergo substantial alteration of their characteristic patterns of adapting to their social and personal environment

Caspi, A. & Roberts, B. W.

(1999).

An individual’s personality is the complex of mental characteristic that makes them

unique from other people (Littauer: 1996). It includes all of the patterns of thought and emotions that cause us to do and say things in particular ways. At a basic level, personality is expressed through our temperament or emotional tone. However, the acquisition of personality also colors of value, beliefs and expectations seem to be due more to socialization and unique experiences, especially during childhood.

The previous research related with personality was done by Ika Diana (2003)

“Analysis on Career Women in Marry Higgins, Novel; Before Say Good Bye”. In her

research, she described the characteristic of main character which also deals with personality of main character focus on woman career.

There are many potential factors that are involved in shaping a personality. These factors are usually seen as coming from heredity and the environment. Both of them give contribution to personality so as a result of social interaction in which people live. And also there are always unique situation and interpersonal events that help to shape our personality.

As a student of English Department who is interested in literature, the writer chooses

“They Do It with Mirror” novel by Agatha Christie’s as his study, because he assumes that

the main character has a unique personality so the writer arranges this thesis. The writer hopes, the readers can know how the main characters get change their personality in detail. 1.2Statements of the Problem

Based on the background of the study in the preceding discussion, the following research question is formulated:

1. What factors do influence Miss Marple’s personality in “They Do It with Mirrors” Novel by Agatha Christie?

2. What are the effects of her personality toward her life? 1.3Objectives of the Study

In line with research question stated previously, the objectives of this study are to find

out what factors influence Miss Marple’s personality and the effects of her personality toward

her life.

This thesis is focused on the personality of the main character because the personality

is the basic of the writer’s idea. Therefore, he limits the problem on the personality of the

main character, named Miss Marple. 1.5 Definition of Key Terms

To make the study clear and to avoid confusion in understanding this study, the writer presents several definitions of key terms:

1. Personality is refers to a person’s relatively permanent character.

2. Novel is a prose fiction that has plot representing the life of human being imaginatively (Tarigan, 1984:164).

3. Character is the person (people) presented by the author. 4. Agatha Christie is the author of “They Do It with Mirrors“novel.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Method... 16

3.2 Approach... 16

3.2.1. Mimetic Approach... 17

3.2.2. Pragmatic Approach... 17

3.2.3. Expressive Approach... 17

3.2.4. Objective Approach... 17

3.3 Population and Sample... 17

3.4 Data Collection... 18

3.5 Data Analysis…... 18

CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 The Factors That Influence Miss Marple’s Personality... 19

4.1.1 Miss Marple’s Appearances... 19

4.1.2 Miss Marple’s Social Interaction with Other People... 20

4.1.3 Intellectuality... 21

4.2 The Effects of Miss Marple’s Personality Toward her Life... 22

4.2.1 People looked her on negative and positive sides... 22

4.2.1.1 Negative side... 22

4.2.2.1 Positive side... 23

4.2.2 Socializing Easily with People around... 24

4.2.3 Being Able to Solve Problem... 25

4.3Discussion. ... 26

CHAPTERV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion... 28

5.2 Suggestion... 29

REFERENCES ... 30

APPENDIX I... 31

REFERENCES

Bennet. 2004. Literature, Criticism and Theory. United Kingdom: the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd

Hall, Donald. 1983. To Read Literature Fiction Drama Poem. New Work: CBS College Publishing.

Klarer, Mario. 1999. An Introduction to Literary Studies. London: Routledge Klarer, Mario. 2004. An Introduction to Literary Studies second edition. London:

Routledge

Koesnosoebroto, SB. Drs. MA. 1988. The Anatomi Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Dekdibud

Littauer, Florence. 1996. Personality Plus. Jakarta. BinarupaAksara

Milan, Mac 1984. Appreciating Literature. New York. Macmillan. Publishing Company.

Wibowo, Hendro. 2003. Study On Psychological Pressure Of The Main Character In Danielle Steel's Novel "Ranch”.Thesis, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University ofMuhammadiyah Malang.

_______, Definition of Word (Online).http://www.helium.com/items/1886592-facors-that-affect-personalityAcces 4 May 2012.

_______, Definition of Word (Online).http://www.literature-web.net/wildeAcces 4 May 2012.

_______, Definition of Word

(Online).http://www.psikologizone.com/category/psikologi-kepribadianAcces 11November 2012.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains about the background of the study, problems of the study, objective of the study, scope and limitation and definitions of key terms.

1.1Background of Study

Human beings are God's perfect creatures. They are born with understanding and thought to the life later. Every human being is unique. They are born in different shape, intelligence and life. When humans live in this world, they must adapt to the surrounding environment and to other human beings who live there. From this adaptation, human character will be formed over time. Formation of the character can change quickly or slowly depending on themselves. Besides, something that makes them more special than the others is that they know the way to express their feeling, thought, and emotion. Something to provide “a place” for all of the people’s expression is literature.

According to Moleong as quoted by Spadlex (2000:13), “Literature is the knowledge which is earned by human beings that a rise conduct and it is used to reflect and express experience”. Another statement said that literature is one of the great creative and universal means of communicating the emotional, spiritual or intellectual concerns of mankind. Hall (in Triyan: 2001), literature is a record and embodies of human being that is connected to the society. It means that literature is connected with life, because it describes the events and the things that can happen in a society, what human being has experienced in his life or it describes the reality.

Literature is an imaginative work that gives enjoyment and knowledge to the readers. They will get enjoyment when they read. Besides that, literature gives the reader advantages like deepening and widening their culture. As we know knowledge comes from reading and

this is possible for us to understand or to get knowledge from the experience that happen from literary works. There are many kinds of literature such as prose, drama and poems. The author can make character freely as she or he wants and of course every character has personality which can make it different from the others.

Humans' personality is different. Personality is synonymous with the character and human nature behaviors. Personality is the behaviors. That is revealed to the social environment and has about yourself that you want to be caught by the social environment (Alwisol, 2009:7). Human personality is good and sometime can be bad. Someone who has a good personality can be influenced by environment factors or heredity as well as those who have bad personality.

By over time, individual personalities are not fixed; always change time by time according to what the individual wants. When someone was a child, his or her personality still seems like others, are still reasonable - just fair. Someone will find their own identity by having the nature of the rebels. These searches inspired from their idol or from the influence of peers. Personality is formed and influenced by the high emotional turmoil that can turn someone into a positive to negative or vice versa characteristic. Personality change is the concept that although personality may have some stability throughout the lifespan, some individuals may undergo substantial alteration of their characteristic patterns of adapting to their social and personal environment

Caspi, A. & Roberts, B. W.

(1999).

An individual’s personality is the complex of mental characteristic that makes them unique from other people (Littauer: 1996). It includes all of the patterns of thought and emotions that cause us to do and say things in particular ways. At a basic level, personality is expressed through our temperament or emotional tone. However, the acquisition of personality also colors of value, beliefs and expectations seem to be due more to socialization and unique experiences, especially during childhood.

The previous research related with personality was done by Ika Diana (2003) “Analysis on Career Women in Marry Higgins, Novel; Before Say Good Bye”. In her research, she described the characteristic of main character which also deals with personality of main character focus on woman career.

There are many potential factors that are involved in shaping a personality. These factors are usually seen as coming from heredity and the environment. Both of them give contribution to personality so as a result of social interaction in which people live. And also there are always unique situation and interpersonal events that help to shape our personality.

As a student of English Department who is interested in literature, the writer chooses “They Do It with Mirror” novel by Agatha Christie’s as his study, because he assumes that the main character has a unique personality so the writer arranges this thesis. The writer hopes, the readers can know how the main characters get change their personality in detail. 1.2Statements of the Problem

Based on the background of the study in the preceding discussion, the following research question is formulated:

1. What factors do influence Miss Marple’s personality in “They Do It with Mirrors” Novel

by Agatha Christie?

2. What are the effects of her personality toward her life? 1.3Objectives of the Study

In line with research question stated previously, the objectives of this study are to find out what factors influence Miss Marple’s personality and the effects of her personality toward her life.

This thesis is focused on the personality of the main character because the personality is the basic of the writer’s idea. Therefore, he limits the problem on the personality of the main character, named Miss Marple.

1.5 Definition of Key Terms

To make the study clear and to avoid confusion in understanding this study, the writer presents several definitions of key terms:

1. Personality is refers to a person’s relatively permanent character.

2. Novel is a prose fiction that has plot representing the life of human being imaginatively (Tarigan, 1984:164).

3. Character is the person (people) presented by the author.