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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Study
Related to the problem of this research, the writer uses qualitative research with descriptive method as the proper method. The Descriptive
research is the research to clarify or explain the phenomenon Suharsini Arikunto, 1996:29. This research is non hypothesis research. It collects data,
analyzes them and draws a conclusion based on the data only, without taking general conclusion. Donald 1982:415 states that descriptive method is used
to obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomenon. The type of descriptive research is documentary analysis.
B. Object of the Study
The object of this study is an English textbook for the first year of Senior High School on first sementer based on the School Level-based
Curriculum, “English on Star Idola, SMA BOOK X”, written by Arie Wijayanti, and published by Penerbit “PUTRA KERTONATAN”. The
focuses of this study are the language skills and communicative exercises.
C. Data and Source of the Data
The data of this research are the language skills and the communicative exercises available on the English textbook.
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In this research the writer analyzes “English on Star Idola”, SMA BOOK X”, an English textbook for the first year student of Senior High
School written by Arie Wijayanti, and published by Penerbit “PUTRA KERTONATAN” used as the source of the data.
D. Method of Collecting Data
In this step, the writer uses a documentary analysis as the method of collecting data. The data are taken from the “English on Star Idola”, SMA
BOOK X” an English textbook for the first year of Senior High School written by Arie Wijayanti, and published by Penerbit “PUTRA KERTONATAN”.
E. Technique for Analyzing Data
An analyzing data of “English on Star Idola, SMA Book X”, the writer used the following procedures:
1. Finding out the kinds of skill and communicative exercises provided in the textbook
2. Classifying the kinds of skill available on the textbook based on the school level-based curriculum and the kinds of communicative exercises
3. Analyzing the data. In analyzing the data the writer uses the abbreviation like this
: U...ESIP Notes
: U
: Unit ESI
: The tittle of textbook analyzed English Star Idola
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P : Page
4. Counting and adding the skills and communicative exercises developed in the textbook
5. Giving the percentage to the total of the skills and communicative exercises developed in the textbook
6. Judging whether the skills and communicative exercises developed in the textbook appropriate or not with the indicators suggested by the school
level-based curriculum 7. Drawing conclusions based on the result of analysis and giving some
suggestions. In giving the percentage, the writer used the theory from walizer that is
edited by Sadiman 1993: 96 as follows. P= =
N f
x 100 Notes:
P : the percentage
f : the frequency
N : the sum of the frequency
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To analyze the content of the book, the writer uses the theories of Hutchinson and Waters 1994:96-97 as follows :
1. Defining Criteria In this step, the writer uses the School Level-based Curriculum to
judge the material of the textbook. 2. Subjective Analysis
In this second step, the writer makes list of the four skills and the communicative exercises suggested by the school level-based curriculum
3. Objective Analysis In this step, the writer makes a list of how the materials of the
textbook develop the skills suggested by the school level-based curriculum.
4. Matching In the last step, the writer gives the score based on how the
measurement, which have been made before based on the school level- based curriculum.
Before taking the steps above, the writer has to know the skills that must be taught in language learning. Based on the 2006 curriculum, there
are four language skills, namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Moreover, the curriculum also emphasizes the application of
communicative exercises in the classroom. In the School Level based Curriculum, each language skill has its
own indicators. In listening skill, there are seventeen indicators, in
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speaking skill there are seventeen indicators, in reading skill there are six indicators, and in writing skill there are six indicators. So, the total number
of indicator that should be developed in the English textbook is fourty four indicators.
The writer also uses “Criterion Referenced Evaluation” as proposed by Nurgiyantoro 2001:399 to count the how far the textbook
develops the skills of language skills that should be developed based on the School Level-based Curriculum, as presented below:
Table 1. Criterion Referenced Evaluation Interal Percentage
Quality 81 - 100
Very good 61 - 80
Good 41 - 60
Fairly good 21 - 40
Bad 0 - 20
Very bad
Source : Penilaian Dalam Pengajaran Bahasa dan Sastra, Book Three 2001
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
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