Method and Techniques of Analyzing Data

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPTS, AND

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS This chapter discusses three main topics, they are: review of literature which is important to compare this study to other studies, concept and the last is theoretical framework which explains the theory that is used to solve the problems. 1.1 Review of Literature There are many studies about morphosyntax. The previous studies reviewed here were taken from students’ thesis showing the differences among their studies, which is presented in the following paragraph: The first review was about the study entitled English Adjectives in the Short Story of the Colone l’s Lady by W. Somerset Maugham written by Suyastini 2007. This study aroused two problems, they are: What are the forms of the English Adjectives and the positions of adjectives in phrases of simple sentences. The main theory was applied by Quirk 1985. She used documentation and qualitative method. This study found two changing processes to form adjectives. They are derivational process and inflectional process. In derivational process, there were suffixes to form adjectives, they are: -able, -ful, -al, -y, -less, -ly, -ive. There was inflectional process found in the study: 14 in regular and 3 in irregular forms. There were 3 adjectives in comparative and 2 adjectives in superlative forms. The positions of adjectives in phrases were only attributive and predicative. The difference is on the scope of discussion that this study is concerned to find the word formation both derivational and inflectional. The second review was written based on a thesis written by Rahayu 2008 entitled The Study of Derivational and Inflectional Adjectives in Novel the Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. Theory that she applied was proposed by Quirk 1985. The data was taken from novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. The Method used was documentation method to collect data and qualitative method to analyze the data. The conclusion of her thesis was that two processes were applied to form adjectives. They are derivational and inflectional process. Nouns and verbs were changed into adjectives by adding suffixes -able, -ly, -ful, -ish, -y. There is also degree of comparison of regular and irregular adjectives in term of inflectional process. There were only predicative and attributive adjectives found in the data source. The difference to this present study is on the scope of discussion to find the derivational and inflectional forming adjective, meanwhile this present study is only focused on the derivational suffixes forming adjective. Another relevant thesis was written by Maharta 2010 entitled Morphosyntactic Analysis of Suffixes –ion, -ment, -ness in English. The problems of this thesis are the morphological process of suffix –ion, -ment, -ness and morphosyntactic analysis of derivation words. The data was collected from Follet’s The Pillars of the Earth. Maharta used theories proposed by Bauer 1983 and Brown 1991. The findings of his study showed that the suffix –ion and -ment changed the word class from verb into noun and suffix –ness changed the word class from