The last category is adverb. Macfadyen 2007 says that an adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a phrase, or a clause. An adverb indicates
manner, time, place, cause, or degree and answers questions such as how, when, where, how much. Many descriptive adjectives can be changed to adverbs by
adding-ly suffix to the adjective base. Unlike an adjective, an adverb can be found in various places within the sentence.
2.4. Teaching Vocabulary
Considering the importance of vocabulary in language teaching, teaching vocabulary should be taken into account. According to Hornby 1995 teaching is
a giving instruction to somebody’s knowledge, skill, etc. Vocabulary is also an important factor in all languages. Schaefer 2002 states that good vocabulary
teaching is the creation of context in which students constantly use relevant vocabulary in their reading, listening, writing, and speaking.
However, teaching process of vocabulary needs a good technique in order to help students to get the meaning and the use of words. Kriedler 1963 as cited in Sari
2004 says that in modern method of language teaching, vocabulary learning no longer consists of memorizing of list of words in isolation, but words are usually
introduced in a meaningful context and practiced in appropriate sentence patterns. It is important that when a teacher teaches vocabulary heshe should make the
students understand not only the meaning of vocabulary itself, but also how to use it in appropriate sentences. Allen and Vallete 1997 state that teaching
vocabulary can be meaningful if the teacher can conduct the teaching process by
combining available techniques of teaching. It is hoped that a good technique will be more enjoyable, interesting and motivating so that the students will not be
bored in the process of learning. The teacher must select the vocabulary based on the curriculum. So, the teacher must know about the capability of the students in
order that learning a language can improve the students’ vocabulary mastery. Teaching vocabulary will be less effective if the teacher cannot match the
technique. A good technique will make the students interested in learning vocabulary and easier to remember the meaning. For this research, the researcher
is interested in teaching vocabulary through context clues technique that can be assumed as an interactive technique to teach, because contextual clues technique
can encourage the students to have more self confidence. It is used to avoid the students of wasting time because of looking up the words from dictionary and
trains them not to be much depending on dictionary. Contextual clues can help the students to create a general prediction from a sentence; it is a combination of
vocabulary, and a rule of language which exists surrounding a word. This is a more effective and efficient way rather than another ways, because by using this
technique the students understand and get the meaning of unfamiliar word from a text without looking it up in a dictionary. It is because in school final examination,
the students are not allowed to consult a dictionary.
2.5. Contextual Clues
There are many techniques that can be used in presenting a new vocabulary; one of them is contextual clues or context clues. A contextual clues is one of
