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He spat into the ocean and said, “Eat that, galanos. And make a dream you’ve killed a man.” p. 45
d. Discouragement
In this story discouragement arises when Santiago was disappointed on himself. He was discouragement to see the
fish catch was no longer intact again. .....a woman saw a great long white spine with a huge tail
at the end that lifted and swung with the tide while the east wind blew a heavy steady sea outside the entrance to the
harbour p. 48.
e. Discontent
In this story discontent happens when Santiago thinks the ocean is very good and beautiful, but he stressed that the ocean
is able to be so cruel, making small birds are too weak and pitiful life in the ocean. It shows that discontent Santiago on
the cruel sea.
2. Spirit of Life
Spirit of life is also a positive emotion to do positive things. According to Andries 2011: 31
emotion positive is “part of the success of effort which provides energy to complete the
activities.” According to Curley 1984 there are some characteristic of spirit of life are “courage, determination, and
gallantry .”
a. Courage
Courage is an action against fear for the sake of a worthy goal although there is a danger or risk in it
.” The story shows about the courage of someone who dared
to challenge the courage of his life in the vast ocean and had to fight the weight lifting Marlin fish and the wild sharks. This
indicates that lifes challenges must be faced. Santiago also dares to take a decision for his life choice.
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His choice had been to stay in the deep dark water far out beyond all snares and traps and
treacheries. My choice was to go there to find him beyond all people. Beyond all people in the world p.18.
He also brave sailed the seas alone. For him sea was very
beautiful but sometimes there were evil actions in it. Why did they make birds so delicate and fine as those sea
swallows when the ocean can be so cruel? She is kind and very beautiful. But she can be so cruel and it comes so
suddenly and such birds that fly, dipping and hunting, with their small sad voices are made too
delicately for the sea p. 10.
b. Determination
In this story, Santiago has a determination to go fishing after eighty-four days failed. Although he is an old man his
spirit is like young people. He is determined to bring big fish to his home.
He is a great fish and I must convince him, he thought. I must never let him learn his strength nor what he could do
if he made his run. If I were him I would put in everything now and go until something broke p. 23.
“I’ll kill him though,” he said. “In all his greatness and his glory.”
Although it is unjust, he thought. But I will show him what a man can do and what a man endures.
“I told the boy I was a strange old man,” he said. “Now is when I must prove it.”
The thousand times that he had proved it meant nothing. Now he was proving it again. Each time
was a new time and he never thought about the past when he was doing it p. 24.
c. Gallantry
In this story, Santiago ’s gallantry is shown when he
succeeded in killing the big marlin as catch and succeeded fight the sharks with all the ability and strength.
I’ll try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and he could only see
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well in flashes. He tried it again and it was the same. So he thought, and he felt himself going before he started; I will
try it once again p. 35. He took all his pain and what was left of his strength and
his long gone pride and he put it against the fish’s agony and the fish came over onto his side and swam gently on
his side, his bill almost touching the planking of the skiff and started to pass the boat, long, deep, wide, silver and
barred with purple and interminable in the water p. 35.
The shark’s head was out of water and his back was coming out and the old man could hear the noise of skin
and flesh ripping on the big fish when he rammed the
harpoon down onto the shark’s head at a spot where the line between his eyes intersected with the line that
ran straight back from his nose. There were no such lines. There was only the heavy sharp blue head and
the big eyes and the clicking, thrusting all-swallowing jaws. But that was the location of the brain and the old
man hit it. He hit it with his blood mushed hands driving a good harpoon with all his strength. He hit it without hope
but with resolution and complete malignancy p. 38.
D. Discussion
Santiago is the main character who unlucky for eighty-four days without taking a fish. The researcher uses those three elements of personality for to
knows the major character’s mental condition in any situation. They are id, ego, and superego. That elements proving that Santiago has conflict with
animals. The id are reflected in Santiagos desire. The greatest desire is to catch
fish to exceed the limits of people. The other id want to eat yellow rice and fish. But it is not there, then id satisfying his encouragement by doing
imagination. In the middle of sea, he also to keep speed his boat well so that his job is well. If he feels tired, thirsty, and hungry, the pleasure principle is
resting, drinking, and eating. The ego are repressing of desires id with set up the defense. When
Santiago want always borrow money to someone. Ego inhibit the instincts because it is not always accepted by the environments. In orther ego are when
